核应急辐射环境监测的准备和响应  

Preparedness and Response to Environmental Radiation Monitoring for the Nuclear Emergency

作　　者：朱晓翔[1] 陆继根[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省辐射环境监测管理站,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《环境监控与预警》2011年第5期1-3,8,共4页Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning

基　　金：江苏省环境监测科研基金项目(0804)

摘　　要：日本核泄漏事故引发的核危机为人类安全和平地利用核能又一次敲响了警钟。核事故应急工作作为减小核电站危害环境和公众安全的最后屏障,将起到重要的作用,必须做好相关的准备和响应工作。核应急辐射环境监测工作是核应急工作的重要组成部分,在对核应急辐射环境监测进行准备和响应时主要遵循实用性、适用性和适度性并兼顾常规和应急监测的"平战结合"等原则。核应急辐射环境监测的准备主要包括核应急监测组织体系建设、应急监测单项应急预案和响应程序的制定、应急监测队伍建设、辐射环境应急监测系统建设、监测信息网络体系建设、辐射应急监测技术研究、应急监测培训和演练、应急监测经费准备等。Nuclear crisis arising from the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan gives us a new warning toward how to use nuclear energy peacefully and safely. The history showed that nuclear safety which had decisive influence on the nuclear energy development is the lifeline of nuclear energy industries. Emergency preparedness and response for the nuclear accident as the last barrier to reduce the accident hazards toward the public and the environment have been more concentrated and focused at home and abroad. E- mergency preparedness and response of radiation environmental monitoring for the nuclear accident including the construction of organization system, emergency monitoring system, information network system, monitoring techniques study, training, rehearsal as well as the financial security should follow the principles of practicability, applicability and the combination of conventionality and emergency.

关 键 词：应急 辐射 环境 监测 响应 

分 类 号：X34[环境科学与工程—环境工程]