苏、浙、鲁地区主要饮用水地表水源挥发及半挥发有机物调查  

Investigation of VOCs and SVOCs in Surface Water Source in Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shandong Province,China

作　　者：韩方岸[1] 陈钧[1] 蒋兆峰[2] 吉文亮[3] 徐岚[2] 陈连生[3] 李小娟[3] 周长美[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]镇江市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心化学检验所

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2011年第10期890-894,共5页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：江苏省预防医学基金(Y200718);镇江市社会发展基金(SH2007045)

摘　　要：目的掌握江苏、浙江、山东省主要地表水源中挥发性有机物(VOCs)、半挥发性有机物(SVOCs)的污染状况。方法于2009年5—8月,检测江苏、浙江、山东省的21个主要城市地表水源126件水样中的25种VOCs、38种SVOCs的水平。除二溴一氯甲烷按照GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》外,其余指标按照GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》中集中式生活饮用水地表水源地特定项目标准限值对检测结果进行评价。结果共检出19种VOCs、10种SVOCs,其中,属于中国或美国环境保护局提出的"水中优先控制污染物"的有机物,包括挥发性氯代烃(三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、1,2-二氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯)、苯系物(苯、甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯)、氯代苯类(氯苯、1,4-二氯苯、1,2-二氯苯)、酚类(2,4-二氯苯酚、2,4,6-三氯酚、五氯酚)、硝基苯类(硝基苯、2,4,6-三硝基甲苯)、酞酸酯类[邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯]、农药(乐果、莠去津),共计21种,最高浓度为27.79μg/L。所有被检测的SVOCs和VOCs均未超标。检出率较高的有邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯,在所有水样中均被检出;江苏长江段所有水样中均检出1,4-二氯苯、1,2-二氯苯、乐果,五氯酚检出率为87.50%,江苏非长江主要地表水源水样中阿特拉津检出率为85.71%,山东玉清湖的阿特拉津检出率100%。结论江苏、浙江、山东省的主要地表水源存在VOCs、SVOCs污染。Objective To understand the status of organic pollution of surface water in three provinces,so as to provide a reference evidence for the protection of water sources. Methods Using the automatic constant current control of purge and trap and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） instrument, quantitatively detected the surface water organics. In addition to evaluate dibromochloromethane accordance with Drinking Water Health Standards GB 5749-2006,the other indicators were evaluated according to Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards GB 3838-2002 （centralized drinking water standards for surface water specific items）. Results The water samples were collected from the surface water of the 21 major cities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong province of China and were tested for 25 kinds of VOCs and 38 kinds of SVOCs,organics compounds with the range of less than 27.79 μg/L were found in 126 samples from 21 sampling sites . The pollutants including priority control pollutants in water were volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons： chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethene, tetraehloroethene; BTEX： benzene, toluene, xylene, xylene and xylene;chlorinated benzene： ehlorobenzene, 1,4 - dichlorobenzene, 1,2 -dichlorobenzene;phenols： 2,4 -dichlorophenol,2,4,6 -trichlorophenol,pentachlorophenol phenol; nitrobenzene： nitrobenzene,2,4,6-trinitrotoluene; phthalates： dibutyl phthalate （2-ethylhexyl） ester;pesticides： dimethoate, atrazine,a total of 21. All SVOCs and VOCs tested did not exceed the standards. The phthalate （2-ethylhexyl） ester with higher detection rate was detected in all water samples. The detection rate was 100% for 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, dimethoate,and 87.50% for PCP , 85.71% for atrazine in main surface water sources in Jiangsu,and 100% for atrazine in Shandong Yuqing Lake. Conclusion The main surface water sources in Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shandong province have been contaminated by VOCs and SVOCs.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 半挥发性有机物 地表水 城市 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]