3S技术在抛物线沙丘形态特征研究中的应用  

Application of 3S Technology in Morphological Character Research of Parabolic Dune

作　　者：杜会石[1] 哈斯[1] 吴霞[1] 杨一[1] 额日敦同拉嘎 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 [2]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2011年第5期33-36,F0002,共5页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171002);地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室开放基金项目(2009KF05)

摘　　要：3S技术的发展为风沙地貌研究提供了新的方法和强有力的技术支持。基于GIS平台,利用差分GPS实测数据,通过空间插值生成DEM,可有效提取地形因子和形态参数,实现风沙地貌三维形态特征的定量化研究;结合高分辨率遥感影像,不但可以提取风沙地貌二维形态特征,还可以提取植被覆盖信息。该文以内蒙古库布齐沙漠典型抛物线沙丘为研究对象,探讨3S技术在沙丘形态特征研究中的应用,结果表明:该区沙丘平面形态呈U型,丘臂指向W;纵剖面上迎风坡较缓、背风坡较陡,横剖面不对称;沙脊线所夹中轴线走向为WNW-ESE,反映了盛行风或合成输沙方向;油蒿灌丛分布在背风坡、两翼及其间平坦地;在长期合成风的作用下,沙丘向前移动,丘臂间的油蒿灌丛发生阶段性的弧带状自然恢复。Take the typical parabolic dune of Kubuqi desert in Inner Mongolia as the research object. Using differential GPS data,DEM was generated by spatial interpolation based on GIS platform and topography factor and shape parameters can be extracted. In addition, high resolution image can be used to get environmental background in the same time, so as to discuss the re- lationship between vegetation distribution and dune morphology. The result shows that the parabolic dune showed U-shape in plane,and dune arms pointing to the west which was also wind direction. Longitudinal profile showed that windward slope was gentler while leeward slope was steeper,and cross section wasn＇t symmetric. The direction of desert ridge line＇s medial axis is WNE-ESE, showing direction of prevailing wind and resultant sand-transporting potential. The vegetation average coverage was 11.57 %. Artemisia Ordosiea shrub distributed in leeward slope, two arms, and even ground. In the long-term effect of resultant wind, the dune moved forward and Artemisia Ordosica showed gradual natural stage which presented zonal distribution. 3S technology had already become important research method in modern aeolian sand morphology.

关 键 词：抛物线沙丘 形态特征 3S技术 库布齐 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] P931.3[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]