Research on the Production Efficiency and Utilizing Rate of Potassium Fertilizer for Rape in Yunnan Province  

云南省油菜钾肥产量效应及其利用率研究(英文)

作　　者：符明联[1] 李根泽[1] 原小燕[1] 程德荣 朱炫 魏生广 李红彦 彭识 雷元宽 贺斌 文和明 余绍伟 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省泸西县农业技术推广中心,云南泸西652400 [3]大理州经济作物研究所,云南宾川671600 [4]德宏州农业科学研究所,云南德宏678400 [5]玉溪市农业科学院,云南玉溪653100 [6]丽江市农业科学研究所,云南丽江674100 [7]罗平县种子管理站,云南罗平665800 [8]临沧市农业科学研究所,云南临沧677100 [9]文山州农业科学研究所,云南文山673100 [10]腾冲县农业技术推广中心,云南腾冲679100

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2011年第10期1490-1494,1512,共6页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the National Science and Technology Support Program(2009BADA8B01);Kunming Comprehensive Experimental Station,National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Rape(NYCYTX-00564);Yunnan Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System Construction of Rape~~

摘　　要：[Objective] This study aimed at investigating the effects of consumption of potassium fertilizer on production and biological characteristics of rape and utilizing efficiency of potassium fertilizer.[Method] Taking 0 kg/hm2 as control,nine consumptions of potassium fertilizer were designed for the experiment using single factor randomized block design with three replications and field experiment in nine rape-producing areas with different ecological types in Yunnan Province.[Result] Appropriately applying potassium fertilizer in Yunnan Province could improve the rapeseed production,the rape production could achieve 3 983-4 151 kg when applied 150-180 kg/hm2 of K2O,which had increased by 4.7-9.1% compared with the control and attained the peak in K165 treatment.When applied 1 kg of K2O,the rapeseed production could enhance 559 kg,the net profit could reach 1 229 yuan/hm2 and the partial productivity of potassium fertilizer could attain 31.32 kg/kg K2O and 3.7 kg/kg K2O,respectively.Applying potassium fertilizer could promote the growth of rape and increase rapeseed production.[Conclusion] The recommended optimal consumptions of potassium fertilizer with high production and high efficiency for rape in Yunnan Province were ranged between 150 and 180 kg K2O/hm2.However,comprehensively considering production and efficiency factors,the consumption of potassium fertilizer in Yunnan Province was around 73.9 kg/hm2,which should be appropriately increased to around 100.0 kg/hm2 in Longchuan,Yulong,Linxiang and other producing areas with similar conditions.[目的]研究钾肥用量对油菜产量、生物学特性及钾肥利用效率的影响。[方法]以零水平为对照,设置9个钾肥用量水平,在云南9个不同生态类型的油菜产区组织3次重复的单因素随机区组联合大田试验。[结果]云南油菜适量施用钾肥能够提高籽粒产量,钾肥用量为150-180kgK2O/hm2时,油菜产量可达到3983-4151kg,比K0对照增产4.7%-9.1%,并在K165处理处出现产量峰值;每施用K2O1kg,可增加油菜籽粒产量559kg,纯利润达到1229元/hm2,产投比达到1:1.95,钾肥偏生产力达到31.32kg/kgK2O,钾肥农学利用率达到3.7kg/kgK2O;施钾可促使油菜健壮生长,具有增果实、增粒、促进籽粒充实的作用。[结论]云南油菜钾肥高产高效生产的适宜推荐范围为150-180kg K2O/hm2。但综合考虑产量和效益等因素,云南省适宜K2O施用量在73.9kg/hm2左右,陇川、玉龙和临翔产区及条件类似产区应适当增加到100kg/hm2左右较为合理。

关 键 词：RAPE Consumption of potassium fertilizer PRODUCTION Utilizing efficiency of potassium fertilizer 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]