鼠尾藻提取物对亚历山大藻的化感效应  

Allelopathic Effects of Sargassum thunbergii Extracts on Red Tide Microalga Alexandrium tamarense

作　　者：王仁君[1,2] 唐学玺[2] 孙俊华[1] 

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,曲阜273165 [2]中国海洋大学海洋生态学研究室,青岛266003

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2011年第5期694-699,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(No.2008BS09011);山东省自然科学基金项目(No.2009ZRB01461);山东省高等学校科技计划项目(No.J10LC13)资助~~

摘　　要：研究不同浓度的鼠尾藻组织蒸馏水及4种不同极性有机溶剂(甲醇、丙酮、乙醚、氯仿)提取物对亚历山大藻的生长抑制作用.结果表明:鼠尾藻组织甲醇提取物对亚历山大藻的生长抑制活性最强,大于3×10-8 mg kg-1浓度作用下亚历山大藻在1 d内完全死亡;鼠尾藻组织蒸馏水抽提物与对照组相比在各个浓度时均能显著抑制亚历山大藻的生长,但即使在最高浓度1.6×10-6mg kg-1下亦对其无致死效应;其他3种有机溶剂提取物对亚历山大藻的生长无明显影响.表明鼠尾藻组织中含有的对亚历山大藻具有抑制作用的活性物质具有较高的极性.对鼠尾藻甲醇提取物进行液液萃取,将其分离为石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相和蒸馏水相,并对亚历山大藻进行生物活性检测.结果发现,石油醚相和乙酸乙酯相具有较强的杀藻活性,表明脂肪酸可能是鼠尾藻组织内抑制亚历山大藻生长的克生物质的重要组成成分之一.Inhibitory effects of different concentrations of distilled water extracts and four organic solvent（methanol,acetone,ether and chloroform） extracts of Sargassum thunbergii on the growth of the red tide microalga Alexandrium tamarense were investigated.The results showed that methanol extracts had the highest inhibitory activity on the growth of A.tamarense,and all the cells of A.tamarense were killed by the methanol extracts at a concentration of 3×10-8 mg kg-1 after 1 d.The growth of A.tamarense was significantly inhibited by the distilled water extracts of S.thunbergii at different concentrations,but it did not show lethal effects on A.tamarense even at the highest concentration（1.6×10-6 mg kg-1）.The other three organic solvent extracts of S.thunbergii had no apparent inhibitory effects on A.tamarense.The above results suggested that the growth inhibitory substances from the extracts of S.thunbergii had relatively high polarity.The methanol extracts of S.thunbergii were partitioned to petroleum ether phase,ethyl acetate phase,butanol phase and distilled water phase by liquid-liquid fractionation.The bioassays for the activity of every fraction showed petroleum ether phase and ethyl acetate phase had strong algicidal effect on A.tamarense,suggesting that fatty acids in the tissue of S.thunbergii might be one of the main allelochemicals.Fig 3,Ref 36

关 键 词：大型海藻 鼠尾藻 化感效应 赤潮微藻 亚历山大藻 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]