云南蒙自石榴叶霉病病原菌鉴定  

Identification of the Pathogen of Pomegranate Leaf Mold Disease from Mengzi of Yunnan Province

作　　者：鲁海菊[1] 李河[1] 翟凤艳[2] 邱成书[1] 罗冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]红河学院生命科学与技术学院,云南蒙自661100 [2]河南科技学院资源与环境学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第28期17304-17304,17307,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：红河学院博硕项目(XJ1B0912)

摘　　要：[目的]鉴定云南蒙自石榴(Phomopsis punicae Linn.)霉病病原菌,为进一步研究蒙自石榴叶霉病有效防治方法奠定基础。[方法]病原分离采用组织分离法,通过分生孢子悬浮液接种,用柯赫氏法则对其致病性进行验证。显微镜下观察菌丝形态及产孢结构,测量孢子大小,根据形态特征进行鉴定。[结果]显微镜下,分生孢子梗单生,直立,顶部微弯或曲膝状,深褐色,有隔膜,(129.3～352.5)μm×(3.5～4.7)μm;枝孢短链生,褐色,有或无隔膜,具油滴,(9.0～36.0)μm×(4.0～5.0)μm;分生孢子链生,椭圆形,近球形,褐色,无隔膜,具油滴,(4.0～8.0)μm×(3.0～4.0)μm。[结论]叶霉病发生在石榴生长后期,一般危害石榴老叶,形成近圆形或不规则形黑褐色病斑,病斑上长橄榄绿色霉层,为病原菌的子实体。造成石榴提早落叶。其病原菌鉴定为极细枝孢(Cladosporium tenuissimum Cooke)。[Objective] To identify the pomegranate leaf mold disease from Mengzi of Yunnan Province,so as to lay foundation for studying its control methods.[Method] The pathogens were obtained through tissue isolation and then inoculated with conidia suspension,the pathogenicity was detected by Koch’s postulation methods.The mycelial morphology and sporulation structure were observed with microscope,the spore size was measured and identified according to their morphology.[Result] Conidiophores was solitary,straight,curved at the top and dark brown with septa,（129.3-352.5）μm×（3.5-4.7） μm;Ramoconidia was brown,short chain,septa or asepta,guttulate,（9.0-36.0）μm×（4.0-5.0） μm;Conidia has short chain and was brown,ellipsoid,rarely subglobose,one-celled,guttulate,（4.0-8.0）μm×（3.0-4.0） μm.[Conclusion] Leaf mold was a disease that usually infected old leaves at later stages of development.It formed necrotic spots that were irregular and dark brown.There were olive green fruiting bodies on the spots.Then it led to the shedding of immature fruits.It was Cladosporium tenuissimum Cooke that caused leaf mold in the pomegranate leaves.

关 键 词：石榴 叶霉病 极细枝孢 病原菌鉴定 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]