1985～2010年南京市蒸发特征分析  

Analysis on Evaporation in Nanjing during 1985-2010

作　　者：陆华标 林伟 陈彦 陈洪良 

机构地区：[1]江苏省南京市气象局,江苏南京210009 [2]江苏省苏州市吴中区东山气象站,江苏苏州215107

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第28期17504-17506,17539,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：南京市气象局科研开发项目(NJ200809)

摘　　要：[目的]分析1985～2010年南京市蒸发量的变化特征。[方法]利用1985～2010年南京市E601B型蒸发器蒸发量资料,采用线性回归、趋势分析、距平分析等方法,对近26年南京市蒸发量的变化特征及其影响变化的原因进行了分析。[结果]1985～2010年南京市年、季蒸发量均存在上升趋势,其中春季蒸发量的上升趋势最为明显,其次为夏季和秋季,冬季蒸发量上升的趋势最不明显,年蒸发量的变化主要是由春夏季蒸发量的变化引起的;影响蒸发量变化的因子有气温、地面温度、日照时数、平均风速、相对湿度、气压、降水等,通过对影响因子与蒸发关系的相关分析表明,蒸发量与气温、平均风速、地面温度呈正相关,与相对湿度、降水量和气压呈负相关;其中与相对湿度、气温、气压和地面温度的相关性较好,与降水量、日照时数、风速相关性较小;蒸发是各种气象要素综合作用的效应,且蒸发量与相对湿度的相关性最好。[结论]该研究为水资源评价和气候变化分析提供理论依据。[Objective] The characteristics of the changes of evaporation in Nanjing City from 1985-2010 were expounded.[Method] By ding to the evaporation data of the E601B evaporator of Nanjing during 1985~2010,an investigation was performed to analyze the variation characteristics of Nanjing evaporation and the reasons for it based on linear regression,tendency analysis and anomaly analysis methods.[Result] Results showed that the annual and seasonal evaporation in Nanjing was increasing,especially the evaporation in spring,and followed by that in summer and autumn.The evaporation increasing tendency was indistinct in winter.And the annual evaporation variation was mainly caused by the changes of seasonal evaporation in spring and summer.The influence factors of evaporation variation included temperature,the ground temperature,sunshine time,average wind speed,relative humidity,air pressure,precipitation and so on.By means of the correlation analysis on the impact factors and evaporation,the evaporation was in positive relation with relevant humidity,temperature,pressure and ground temperature.It had small relation with precipitation,sunshine hours and wind speed.Evaporation was the comprehensive effect of all kinds of meteorological elements.The relevance between evaporation and relevant humidity was the best.[Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the analysis of water resources evaluation and climate changes.

关 键 词：蒸发量 变化特征 影响因子 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]