明末清初的中算家与公理化——从对《几何原本》的理解、接受和研究看  

Chinese Mathematicians and Axiomatics in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties——According to Their Understanding,Acceptance and Research of the Elements

作　　者：宋芝业[1] 董杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（自然科学汉文版）》2011年第5期522-527,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：内蒙古师范大学科研基金项目(RWYB1021)

摘　　要：西学东渐是中西交流史上的大事,而公理化是西学的核心思想方法.对于中算家如何理解、接受、研究公理化思想,已有研究成果的观点尚不一致.通过研究认为,《几何原本》刊印之初,中算家对公理化难以理解,但对《几何原本》十分尊重,在中西数学会通中,中算家基本接受了公理化中的定义和公理两个要素,并对繁难的推理进行了简化,会通主线由"以中通西"转化为"以西通中".总体而言,中算家超胜目标获得部分成功.Western learning＇s coming to the Eastern Asia is a big event in the history of exchanges between China and West,and the axiomatics is the core thinking method of Western learning.Scholars do not have uniform point of view yet about how Chinese mathematicians understood,accepted and researched the axiomatics in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties.Through careful analysis of the materials which have not been examined in existing studies,we can know,at the beginning of that Euclid＇s Elements was printed in China,it was difficult for Chinese mathematicians to understand axiomatic thought,but they respected the Elements very much.In the process of communication between Chinese and Western mathematics,they accepted definitions and axioms,or two basic elements of axiomatics.And then they changed the main line of their studies from explaining Chinese learning by western one to the reverse.In a word,Chinese mathematicians succeeded partially on their target.

关 键 词：公理化 中算家 数学会通 几何原本 

分 类 号：O11[理学—数学]