基于光纤Bragg光栅传感器的铝合金堆焊应力测试  

Test on deposit welding stresses of aluminium alloy based on fiber bragg grating sensors

作　　者：郑卜祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《电焊机》2011年第10期56-61,共6页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：大型结构件的焊接应力应变测试一直是研究的热点和难点。针对目前大型结构件焊接应力应变在线实时监测手段存在不耐高温和测试精度不高等问题,提出了一种基于光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)传感器的焊接应力应变在线实时监测方法。采用该方法构建了基于FBG传感器的焊接应力应变在线监测系统原理,并对LD10铝合金板材进行了TIG堆焊的温度和应力应变在线监测试验,得出了中心横截面和离焊缝中心15mm处纵截面上的温度和应变以及焊后残余应变的分布情况。试验表明,FBG传感器在焊接应力在线监测中具有合理性和实用性,能准确测试焊接时的温度和应变分布,且测试对象的温度可达350℃,这为大型结构件焊接应力在线实时监测提供了一种先进方法。Test on welding stress-strain of large structural components is always research hotspot and difficulty for many scholars. Aiming at the real-time monitoring methods of welding stress-strain in the large structural components exist in high-temperature and precision insufficient problems presently,a real-time monitoring method of welding stress-strain based on fiber Bragg grating （FBG） sensors was proposed.According to this method, an on-line monitoring system principle of welding stress-strain based on FBG sensors is constructed,and the real-time monitoring experiment of TIG deposit welding temperature and stress-strain was achieved on the aluminium alloy LD10 plates.The vertical section at 15 mm away from weld centre-line and the centre cross section of the distribution of real-time welding temperature and strain as well as residual strain after welding were obtained in the welding stress monitoring experiment.The results of experiment reveal that the FBG sensors is reasonable and practical in the welding stress on-line monitoring, which can accurately on-line measure the distribution of welding real-time temperature and strain,and the temperature can measure up to 350℃.It provides an advanced method for on-line monitoring of welding stresses in the large structural components.

关 键 词：铝合金 应力 测试 焊接 传感器 光纤BRAGG光栅 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]