基于APSIM模型的旱地小麦和豌豆水肥协同效应分析  

Analysis of cooperation effect of water and fertilizer on wheat and pea in dryland based on APSIM model

作　　者：李广[1,2] 黄高宝[3] 王琦[4,5] 罗珠珠[6] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室甘肃农业大学,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学信息科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [4]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [5]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青藏高原冰冻圈观测研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [6]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业学报》2011年第5期151-159,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31060178);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(096RJZA010;1010RJZA185)资助

摘　　要：为探索水肥协同作用对作物产量影响的机制和规律,在田间试验的基础上调试APSIM模型参数,并对模型进行检验,然后用该模型模拟近30多年来研究区的小麦/豌豆产量,并采用多元回归方法分析了施N量(X1)、生育期降水量(X2)和休闲期降水量(X3)对小麦/豌豆模拟产量的协同效应。结果表明,APSIM模型可以准确用来模拟小麦和豌豆的产量;小麦和豌豆产量的影响因子程度均为:生育期降水量(X2)>休闲期降水量(X3)>>施N量(X1);施N量(X1)对小麦产量影响在一定程度会出现报酬递减效应,小麦阈值为65.0kg N/hm2、豌豆阈值17.9kg N/hm2;小麦和豌豆产量影响因素的协同效应为:X2X3>>X1X3>X1X2,生育期降水和休闲期降水协同效应为显著,远大于其他因子的协同效应。在黄土丘陵区降水量对作物产量的影响远大于肥效作用,同时水肥协同效应对产量具有重要的影响。In order to explore the influence mechanism and regulation of the cooperation effect of water and fertilizer on yields of crops,APSIM（agricultural production system simulator） model and multiple regressions were used to explore the cooperation effect of water and fertilizer on yields of rotation system with wheat（Triticum aestivum） and pea（Pisum sativum） in loess hilly region of China.The parameters of APSIM model were firstly modified and then verified according to the data collected from field experiment.APSIM model was used to simulate yields of rotation system with wheat and pea within 30 years.The results showed that APSIM model can be used to simulate yields of rotation system with wheat and pea.The order of effect on yields of rotation system with wheat and pea is precipitation of growing stage（denote X2）precipitation of fallow period（denote X3）nitrogen fertilizer application（denote X1）.There was a diminishing return of nitrogen fertilizer application on yield of wheat.The optimum nitrogen rate was 65.0 kg/ha and 17.9 kg/ha,respectively.The order of cooperation effect on rotation system with wheat and pea is X2X3X1X3X1X2.Cooperation effect of precipitation of growth stage and precipitation of fallow period was higher than others cooperation effect.Precipitation has a higher effect on crops yields than fertilizer application.At same time,cooperation of precipitation and fertilizer had a high effect on crops yields.

关 键 词：APSIM 黄土丘陵区 水肥 协同效应 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S643.3