钾肥与覆膜调控对兰州百合生长及个体大小不整齐性的影响  

Effect of potassium fertilizer and plastic film mulching on growth and size inequality in Lilium davidii var. unicolor

作　　者：杨雨华[1,2] 李文龙[3] 黄鹏[4] 宗建伟[5] 李自珍[2] 

机构地区：[1]平顶山学院低山丘陵区生态修复重点实验室,河南平顶山467000 [2]兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [3]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [4]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [5]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《草业学报》2011年第5期217-222,共6页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30970478;30970491);教育部博士点基金青年项目(20070740031);甘肃省科技支撑项目(0708NKCA121)资助

摘　　要：研究了钾素和覆膜对兰州百合收获指数、生殖配置和个体大小不整齐性的影响,并探讨了其影响机制。钾肥处理与K0相比,露地栽培下,鳞茎产量提高44.42%,生物产量提高20.60%,收获指数提高14.30%,生殖配置5.55%;覆膜栽培下,鳞茎产量、生物产量、收获指数和生殖配置分别提高了57.21%,13.89%,23.30%和7.35%。无论覆膜还是露地栽培,兰州百合个体大小不整齐性随着钾肥用量的增加而降低。与露地对照相比,覆膜栽培提高百合鳞茎产量15.59%,生物产量提高13.09%。但是,覆膜种群的收获指数和生殖配置相对于露地栽培,分别降低4.19%和3.20%。说明兰州百合种群个体大小不整齐性与钾素施用密切相关,钾肥处理下植株生长旺盛,收获指数较高。覆膜导致了兰州百合种群的生长冗余,这是覆膜栽培下百合种群内个体竞争加剧,使得个体大小不整齐性增加的结果。因此,相对于露地种植,覆膜并非总是高效种植措施。The effect of K supply regimes and plastic film mulching on the harvest index（HI）,reproductive allocation（RA） and size inequality of Lilium davidii var.unicolor population,was determined and the underlying mechanisms were explored.Compared with K0 treatment,bulb yield,biological yield,HI and RA of L.davidii treated with K fertilizer increased 44.42%,20.60%,14.30% and 5.55% respectively under non-mulching conditions,while the increases were 57.21%,13.89%,23.30% and 7.35% respectively under mulching conditions.Either with mulching or non-mulching,size differences always decreased along the K supply gradient.The bulb yield and biological yield of L.davidii under mulching conditions increased by 15.59% and 13.09%,respectively compared with those under non-mulching conditions.However,HI and RA under mulching conditions were lower by 4.19% and 3.20% respectively than those under non-mulching conditions.Results suggest that the size inequality of L.davidii populations are closely correlated with K supply,and that under greater K supply there were relatively larger plants with higher HI.Growth redundancy under mulching conditions occurred in L.davidii populations,which may result from the exacerbated interplant competition and greater size inequality.Although there was a significant increase in bulb yield,L.davidii cultivation with plastic film mulching was not always the best method.

关 键 词：兰州百合 钾肥 覆膜 个体大小不整齐性 收获指数 生长冗余 

分 类 号：S644.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]