天然建筑材料勘察工作中应重视的几个问题  

Some Issues on Investigation on Natural Building Materials

作　　者：徐建闽[1] 边建峰[1] 吕振[1] 

机构地区：[1]中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司,天津300222

出　　处：《资源环境与工程》2011年第5期561-564,共4页Resources Environment & Engineering

摘　　要：工程区附近是否存在运距小、开采便利、各项技术指标符合规范要求且储量满足工程建设需要的天然建筑材料,是工程选址、选线需要着重考虑的因素之一。建材产地的选择,主要考虑运输距离的最小化以及有用层剥采比的最优化等,以减少工程投资为最终目的;建材开采牵涉到的占地、移民以及对环境的破坏等,同样是建材产地的选择过程中需要重点考虑的因素。除去人工骨料或块石料场,天然建筑材料以第四系松散堆积物为主,因此,对建材产地松散堆积物的地貌形态、成因类型以及沉积环境等进行分析和研究十分重要。建筑物基坑开挖以及隧洞开挖等,均有大量弃碴,如能按其工程特性,结合工程建设需要,分别用作坝壳填筑料或人工骨料等,可以节省建材与弃碴的运输费用,对工程建设以及环境恢复保护等,均十分有利。勘探线布置与勘探深度设计,需结合欲探明储量,在料场地面地质调查的基础上,结合堆积物成因和所处地貌单元,有针对性地布设。储量计算方法也应结合堆积物成因类型选定。试样的代表性,直接影响天然建筑材料的质量评价,相对而言,刻槽法取样比四分法更接近于客观实际。It＇s an important factor in the choose of project site and project route that whether there is natural building material whose distance is small,mining facilities,technical indicators in line with regulatory requirements and reserves to meet the needs of the construction near the project area.The main consideration should focus on minimizing transport distance and useful layer stripping ratio of optimization in the choice of building material origin,so as to reduce the project investment for the ultimate goal;in the same time,the occupied land,immigration and damage to the environment concerning building Materials Development should also be considered.Quaternary loose deposits is the main natural building material besides artificial aggregate and block quarry,so it is important to analyze and research landscape patterns,causes,and depositional environment of the loose deposits in the building origin.The spoil produced in the building excavation and tunneling can be used as dam shell filling material or artificial aggregate according to its techniques and requirements of construction,which is beneficial to the reduction of transportation costs for building material and spoil,the construction and environment recovery protection.The exploration line and exploration depth should be targeted laid combing with for proven reserves and deposits causes and geomorphology units;Reserve calculation methods should be selected combined with genetic types of deposits.Representative sample affects the quality assessment of natural building materials directly,comparatively,groove sampling method is closer to objective reality than the quartering.

关 键 词：产地选取 成因类型 储量计算 取样与试验 

分 类 号：TU521[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]