树状结构找形分析及工程应用  

Form-finding analysis and engineering application of branching structures

作　　者：武岳[1] 张建亮[2] 曹正罡[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]北京市建筑设计研究院,北京100045

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2011年第11期162-168,共7页Journal of Building Structures

摘　　要：树状结构具有造型新颖、受力合理的特点,因而在工程中得到广泛应用。作为一种复杂的空间刚架体系,构件布置方式的确定(即找形分析)是树状结构设计中重要的环节。构件布置合理与否将直接影响树状结构的工作性能。基于形效结构的概念,通过分析树状结构的几何特点和受力特点,提出了一种树状结构的找形新方法———逆吊递推找形法。该方法的基本思路是,根据各级树枝所支承的屋面区域找到相应的受荷中心,依次令各级树枝指向其分担的屋面受荷中心,通过逐级递推建立树状结构的几何形态。在此基础上,明确了逆吊递推找形法的具体实施步骤和需要注意的问题。最后结合一树状结构工程实例,介绍了逆吊递推找形法的实际应用过程。研究结果表明:采用逆吊递推找形法生成的树状结构的所有构件均只受轴力作用,属形效结构。Branching structures are applied increasingly in civil engineering due to their novel and beautiful configurations and reasonable force-bearing characteristics.As a complex space frame system,determination of the pattern of branches,namely form-finding analysis,is an important step in the design process of branching structures.In other words,the rationality of branch pattern will influence the mechanical behavior of branching structures directly.Based on the concept of form-active structures,and the analysis of the geometric and mechanical features of branching structures,a new form-finding method for branching structure,which was called inverse-hang recursive method,was proposed.The primary idea of this method can be illustrated as follow： finding the load-bearing centers of the branch roofs at each level,then let branches of each level point to their corresponding centers to generate the geometric form of branching structures progressively.According to this idea,the implementing procedure and some problems that deserve attention were discussed in details.At last,the inverse-hang recursive method was applied in the form-finding analysis of a practical branching structure.It can be seen that all the members of branching structures,which are generated by the proposed method,will only bear axial forces,like form-active structures;moreover,the proposed method is easy to carry out,and has more practicability than previous methods.

关 键 词：树状结构 结构形态学 找形 逆吊逆推找形法 形效结构 

分 类 号：TU32[建筑科学—结构工程]