金刚烷单季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的合成  

Synthesis of adamantane-containing cationic surfactants

作　　者：蔡璐[1] 郭建维[1] 刘卅[2] 关念云[1] 朱乐杰[1] 崔英德[1] 孙保兴 

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学轻工化工学院,广东广州510006 [2]华南理工大学材料学院,广东广州510640 [3]广州市瑞洋表面活性剂有限公司,广东广州511400

出　　处：《化工学报》2011年第11期3295-3300,共6页CIESC Journal

基　　金：广东工业大学重大项目培育专项(405095220)~~

摘　　要：引言金刚烷(Adamantane)化学名为三环[3,3,1,13,7]癸烷,分子式为C10H16,是一种高度对称的笼状烃,整个环系具有周正对称、高度稳定的结构特征[1]。金刚烷分子中1,3,5。Eight halogen quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants containing adamantane structure were successfully synthesized through quaterisation of the intermediate compound-N,N-dimethyl tertiary amine using halogen quaternary ammonium reagents. N-（1-adamantyl）-N, N-dimethylamine was synthesized through the Eschweiler-Clarke methylation reaction in which 1-adamantine and formaldehyde with excess formic acid were used as raw materials. The yields of the eight products were 90%, 85%, 75%, 61%, 44%, 54%, 87%, 45% respectively. The structures of all these compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, and 1H NMR. Surface tensions of these eight compounds＇ aqueous solutions with concentration of 0.1% and 1% were measured. The results showed that the surface tensions of these aqueous solutions decreased to different degrees compared with pure water. It was also found that the difference of surface activity among similar structure compounds with different anions （halide ions） was not significant. However, surface activity increased when the carbon chain lengths of the quaternary ammonium reagents increased.

关 键 词：金刚烷 季铵盐 阳离子表面活性剂 合成 

分 类 号：O622.2[理学—有机化学]