PA6/有机累托石纳米复合材料的结构与力学性能  

STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PA6/ORGANIC RECTORITES NANOCOMPOSITES

作　　者：佘希锋[1] 马晓燕[1] 宋春莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学理学院应用化学系,西安710129

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2011年第10期13-17,共5页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金重点项目(2009JZ004);西北工业大学创新基金(2010KJ0204)

摘　　要：采用两种自制有机累托石、两种已商业化的有机蒙脱土分别和尼龙(PA)6经双螺杆挤出机熔融挤出制备PA6/有机粘土复合材料。利用X射线衍射(XRD)分析了有机粘土在复合材料中的解离情况和聚合物的晶型,利用偏光显微镜分析了粘土对PA6结晶形貌的影响,并分析了复合材料的综合力学性能。结果表明,四种有机粘土与PA6均可形成剥离型纳米复合材料,粘土有利于PA6的γ晶型生长,细化了PA6的球晶;不同有机粘土复合材料的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量都有增加,缺口冲击强度都有下降;四种有机粘土改性复合材料性能相比,自制有机累托石对PA6力学性能的改性效果优于两种有机蒙脱土。PA6/organic clay nanocomposites were prepared through meh processing method by twin screw extruder with two kinds of laboratory made organic rectorites and two kinds of commercial organic montmorillonites. The dissociation of organic clay in PA6 matrix and the crystal form of the composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction;the effects of organic clay on the crystal morphology of PA6 were characterized by polarizing microscope. In addition, their comprehensive mechanical properties were also examined. The results indicated that the exfoliated nanocomposites were formed in PA6/clay systems successfully; the clays were beneficial to the growth of PA6 γ-crystal form, the incorporation of clays made the size of PA6 spherulite decrease. Moreover, their tensile strength and modulus increased while their break and notched izod impact strength decreased. To sum up, the comparison of comprehensive results demonstrated that the laboratory-made organic-modified rectorites were better than commercial organic modified montmorillonites in ameliorating the mechanical properties of PA6.

关 键 词：尼龙6 有机粘土 纳米复合材料 晶型 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]