海洋波浪压电发电装置的进展  

Advances in ocean wave energy converters using piezoelectric materials

作　　者：张永良[1] 林政[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2011年第5期145-148,169,共5页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：清华大学自主科研计划资助(2009THZ07060);国家自然科学基金(51079072;50539070)

摘　　要：本文对海洋波浪压电发电装置的发展进行了回顾。总结和阐明了各种类型装置的性能,指出共振是获得高效率的直接方法。针对变化的海洋环境,优化装置能够有效地提高效率,增加响应的带宽,使装置在较宽频率变化范围内都能保持高效运作,能够适用于实海况随机变化的波浪条件。作者阐明了现有装置的局限性,提出了一种新颖的波浪压电发电装置,该装置将吸收的波能以冲击荷载形式作用于压电发电振子上,使其在各种来波条件下都发生共振,并且以预先设定的频率输出电能。采用具有独立功能的分离式浮体组合,提高波能吸收效率,保障发电机工作环境平稳。最后提出了波浪压电发电研究中所要注意的一些问题。Advances in ocean wave energy converters using piezoelectric materials are reviewed in this paper.The behaviors of several types of converters are summarized and illustrated.It was revealed that to excite resonance of a converter is a direct method in improving its efficiency.To optimize a converter in the real sea conditions could improve its efficiency and broaden its response bandwidth,to let the converter run efficiently in a wider range of wave frequencies and accommodate to wave change well in the real sea fields.Limitations of existing devices are also revealed.A novel design of wave energy converter using piezoelectric materials is presented.Wave energy absorbed is passed to piezoelectric vibrators by impulse loads.Such design ensures the vibrators in resonance and the power output with a pre-set frequency even in the course of incident wave frequency varying with time.Such design of the converter consisting of two independently working buoys is expected to increase its efficiency and provides a more reliable environment for the piezoelectric generator.Some issues in the study of wave energy converter using piezoelectric materials should be paid attention to.

关 键 词：波浪发电装置 压电 回顾 效率 

分 类 号：P743[天文地球—海洋科学]