上海市区太极拳练习者膝关节疼痛调查分析  

A Survey on Knee Pain of Tai Chi Quan Practitioners in Shanghai Urban Area

作　　者：朱东[1] 李立 邱丕相[1] 王三[1] 谢业雷[1] 陈新富[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438 [2]美国路易斯安纳州立大学

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2011年第9期820-824,共5页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设项目资助(S30803)

摘　　要：目的:调查分析上海市区太极拳练习者膝关节疼痛的情况。方法:采用现场发放问卷方式,对上海市各区参与太极拳练习者1025人进行调查。回收925份问卷,回收率90.2%。剔除信息不全的问卷87份,有效问卷共838份。调查内容分两部分,一为受访者练习太极拳的基本信息;二为对有膝关节疼痛的受访者进行的针对性调查,内容包括疼痛发生时间、类型、程度、持续时间、发生在练太极拳的什么阶段,每次练习时疼痛的时段、是否就医、医生诊断结果、膝关节实际疼痛部位等。采用卡方检验、Logistic回归等统计学方法分析调查数据。结果:练太极拳后有膝关节疼痛(下称练后膝痛群)404人,占48.2%。练太极拳前有膝关节疼痛(下称练前膝痛群)385人,其中,练拳后膝关节无疼痛者(下称练后无膝痛群)151人,占39.2%。卡方关联程度分析显示,练前膝痛群与练后膝痛群存在一定关联(P<0.001)。线性视觉模拟标尺评分法测试受访者平均疼痛程度为3.7±2.1。练后膝痛群中,61.5%的练习者疼痛持续时间在10分钟以内。练后膝痛群中,57%在初学阶段、23.6%在初学至中等水平阶段膝关节出现疼痛,中等水平时痛者占9.7%,中等水平至高水平时痛者占6.3%,水平高时痛者占3.4%。疼痛以酸痛为主,占55.9%。下蹲时膝关节疼痛比例最大,占55.9%。疼痛位置多在膝关节正前方,占53.6%。Logistic回归结果显示,拳龄、练拳前是否膝痛与膝关节疼痛有一定关联。结果表明:太极拳练习者膝关节疼痛的阶段主要在初学至中等水平阶段,练习者拳龄越长膝关节疼痛比例越小,表明拳龄与膝关节疼痛存在关联。Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Tai Chi Quan exercise and the occurrence of knee pain. Methods Questionnaire was used to survey Tai Chi Quan practitioners in Shanghai urban area. There were 838 valid copies from the 925 questionnaires collected. Questionnaire included subjects＇ basic information, information related to occurrence of knee pain and its onset time, type, pain level, duration, pain location, etc. Data were analyzed using Chi square and logistic regression. Results 404 subjects （48.2%） experienced knee pain after Tai Chi Quan practice （KPA）, and 385 subjects （39.2%） had knee pain before starting practicing Tai Chi Quan （KPB）, in which 151 subjects＇ knee pain was relieved after practice. Chi square test indicated that there was a significant correlation between KPB and KPA groups （P 〈 0.001 ） . The average knee pain level was 3.7±2.1 measured by visual analog scale. 61.5% of Tai Chi practitioners＇ Knee pain duration in KPA group was less than 10 minutes. In KPA group, 57% occurred during the initial stage of practice, and 23.6% from initial to intermediate stage. A small portion of knee pain occurred during intermediate stage （9.7%） and intermediate to later stage （6.3%） . Only 3.4% of high level practitioners had knee pain. Aching pain was the most common types of pain （55.9%） . Knee pain mainly appeared during squatting （55.9%） . 53.6% of knee pain located in front of the knee. Conclusion Knee pain in Tai Chi Quan practitioners mostly observed during initial and initial to intermediate stages. Only a few high level Tai Chi Quan practitioners reported knee pain.

关 键 词：太极拳 膝关节 疼痛 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]