钢轨万能轧制过程轨底宽展的理论及实验研究  

Theoretical and experimental research on spread of base of rail in universal rolling

作　　者：董永刚[1] 张文志[1] 宋剑锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]燕山大学机械工程学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第9期2676-2680,共5页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50775196);高等学校博士点基金资助项目(20070216006);河北自然科学基金资助项目(08B017)

摘　　要：为了得到钢轨万能轧制过程中轨底的精确宽展,在计算宽展时引入变形协调系数和轧件材质影响系数,确定轨底轧制前、后等效高度以及等效压下量,同时进行18 kg/m普碳钢轻轨的万能热轧实验。通过理论计算结果和实测值可知:当轨底压下率保持不变而轨腰压下率变大时,轨腰延伸系数变大,为了实现变形协调,轨底部分必须有额外的金属向纵向流动以增加轨底的延伸,因此,轨底的宽展明显变小;当水平辊转速变小时,摩擦因数变大,金属的横向流动阻力变大,轨底宽展随水平辊转速的减小而减小;引入变形协调系数修正后的轨底宽展模型计算值比修正前的模型更接近于实测值和模拟值,对钢轨万能轧制过程轧制规程制定具有一定的参考价值。To obtain the spread of the base of rail in rail universal rolling,the deformation concordant coefficient and material＇s influence coefficient were applied in calculation of the spread of the base of rail,and the equivalent height of the base of rail was determined to obtain the equivalent reduction.Moreover,the rolling experiments of 18 kg/m light rail were accomplished.The theoretical and experimental results show that the elongation of the web of rail increases when the reduction of the base of rail is constant and the reduction of the web of rail increases,and the extra metal has to flow from the base of rail to the longitudinal direction to add the elongation of the base of rail for the deformation concordance of different parts of rail,so the spread of the base of rail decreases obviously.The friction coefficient between the base of rail and the flank of the horizontal roll increases when the rotating velocity of horizontal roll decreases,and the flow resistance of the base of rail along the lateral direction increases,so the spread of the base of rail decreases.Moreover,the deformation concordant coefficient can indicate the influence of the web＇s reduction ratio on the spread of the base basically,and it is feasible to preset the rolling technology rationally with this corrected spread formula.

关 键 词：钢轨 万能轧机 轨底 宽展 

分 类 号：TG335.43[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]