北京、重庆、广州三城市中心城区0～14岁儿童过敏性疾病问卷调查  

Questionnaire-based survey of allergic diseases among children aged 0 - 14 years in the downtown of Beijing, Chongqing and Guangzhou

作　　者：赵京[1] 柏娟[1] 申昆玲[2] 向莉[2] 黄英[3] 黄穗[4] 陈爱欢[4] 王建生[5] 叶荣伟[6] 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所哮喘防治与教育中心,北京100020 [2]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院 [3]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院 [4]广州市呼吸疾病研究所 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心 [6]北京大学生育健康研究所

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2011年第10期740-744,共5页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：基金项目：国家十一五科技支撑计划项目“社区儿童哮喘预防与控制适宜技术”（2007BA124805）

摘　　要：目的描述并分析北京、重庆、广州三城市儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及湿疹等过敏性疾病的流行状况。方法2008年10月-2009年3月，采用多阶抽样的方法，从北京、重庆、广州的中心城区分别抽取0～14岁儿童10372名、9874名及4072名，通过儿童哮喘问卷对儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及湿疹既往患病情况进行调查。结果北京、重庆、广州三城市既往哮喘的报告率分别为3．15％、7．45％、2．09％，既往过敏性鼻炎的报告率分别为14．46％、20．42％、7．83％，既往湿疹的报告率分别为20．64％、10．02％、7．22％；三城市哮喘及过敏性鼻炎报告率均为男性高于女性，而湿疹报告率则无性别差异；哮喘及过敏性鼻炎1岁以下及10岁以上报告率均较低，湿疹报告率则随年龄增加呈逐渐下降趋势。结论北京、重庆、广州三城市儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及湿疹等过敏性疾病患病水平逐渐升高，_二城市中重庆儿童过敏性疾病患病水平最高。Objective In recent years, the incidence of allergic diseases in China is increasing. With serious influence on the patients＇ quality of life and even life-threatening, now allergic diseases have become an important public health problem in our country. This survey aimed to obtain a general epidemic outline of children＇ s major allergic diseases, i.e. , childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in the downtown of Beijing, Chongqing and Guangzhou. Method Childhood asthma questionnaire was established by Delphi method based on guidelines for childhood asthma diagnosis and prevention made by Chinese medical assoeiation in 2008 with reference to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire （ISAAC）. This study was earried out from Oct. 2008 -Mar. 2009, in Beijing, Chongqing and Guangzhou by a multi-stage sampling method, covering a sample of 24 290 children aged 0 - 14 years by a multi-stage sampling method, the population of children surveyed in the downtown of Beijing Chongqing and Guangzhou was 10 372, 9874 and 4072 respectively; of whom males were 5545, 5258, 2159, and females were 4917, 4588, 1877; the ratio of males to females in the three cities were 1.11 ： 1, 1.15： 1, 1.15： I ; the average age of surveyed children were 7. 63, 8.74 and 8.30 years old. All the questionnaire was filled in by the parents of children or other guardian of children. Result The self-reported prevalence of asthma in Beijing, Chongqing and Guangzhou was 3.15% , 7.45% , 2.09% , the self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 14. 46% , 20.42% , 7.83% , and the prevalence of eczema was 20. 64% , 10. 02% , 7. 22%. In the survey, asthma combined with allergic rhinitis had the highest rate, 49. 54%, 50. 14%, 34. 83%, respectively in the 3 cities. The self-reported prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis was significantly higher in male than female. Besides, the self-reported prevalenees of asthma and allergie rhinitis were relatively lower in children under 1 year and over 10 years of

关 键 词：呼吸超敏反应 湿疹 儿童 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]