基于不同类型水体特征的饮用水健康风险综合评价  

Health risk assessment of drinking water contaminants based on the different features of the commonly-used three water types

作　　者：任希珍[1] 鞠美庭[1] 田晓刚[1] 邢维[1] 李倩[1] 邵超峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第5期113-118,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(70873065)

摘　　要：基于不同类型水体特征,提出了以健康风险评价模型为核心,适用于同一区域不同类型(河流型、湖库型和地下水型)的饮用水健康风险评价方法体系。该方法体系包括区域特征分析、评价指标筛选、评价模型选择、环境风险综合评价和环境风险管理5个步骤。应用该方法体系对郑州市3类水体类型的典型饮用水源进行健康风险评价。结果表明:河流型和地下水型饮用水主要风险因子为Cr^(6+)和Cd,湖库型饮用水主要风险因子为Cr^(6+)和Sn;3类型水体风险较大者为湖库型,应在风险管理中给予重视。Unlike traditional health-risk assessment models for assess- ing the drinking water contaminants based only on a single water type, this paper has proposed a new system of health risk assessment of different types of drinking water. Based on the different features of the three water types, that is, the river water, lake water and thegroundwater, we have divided the assessment process into five follow- ing stages： analysis of the study area, selection of evaluation indica- tors, selection of evaluation models, the risk assessment and the risk management to bedone. It is clear that in the new system of health risk assessment of different typos of drinking water we have proposed in this paper proves more comprehensive, with more versatile in the management measures and targets. In particular, we have adopted partly the method of health risk assessment recommended by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency（ USEPA）, and compared health risk assessment of different types of drinking water, and then brought about our own appropriate management , which en- able us to make both the assessment and management more practical and realistic. Meanwhile, we have classified and summarized the drinking water quality indexes according to the Classification Group Order of Substances pubhshed by International Agency for Research on Cancer （IARC）, with their related toxic effects described in con- fortuity with the information offered by the Integrated Risk Information System （IRIS）. Considering the toxicity of each contaminant in the drinking water, the papor has selected a complete set of evaluation indicators are, which help to ensure the assessment results more com- prehensive and objective. Furthermore, taking Zhengzhou city as our case study sample, we have found that the main risk factors involving the use of river and groundwater for drinking are Cr6 ＋ and Cd, while those of lake water for drinking are Cr6＋ and As. Moreover, the total health risk of lake for drinking is higher than other water sources. Therefore

关 键 词：环境学 饮用水 健康风险评价 水体类型 评价因子 

分 类 号：X824.04[环境科学与工程—环境工程]