密闭空间中甘薯粉爆炸特性的试验研究  

On the explosive characteristics of the sweet potato starch in a confined vessel

作　　者：徐文庆[1] 陈志[1] 黄莹[1] 蒯念生[1] 曾瑜[1] 李建明[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院,成都610065

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第5期158-161,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：利用20 L球形爆炸测试装置探寻甘薯粉尘在密闭空间内的爆炸特性。测得甘薯粉的爆炸下限质量浓度,研究质量浓度、粒度和点火能量对爆炸猛烈度(最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率)以及燃烧持续时间的影响。结果表明:粒径较小时,甘薯粉爆炸较猛烈,燃烧持续时间较短;随着质量浓度的增加,燃烧持续时间减少,最大压力上升速率逐渐增大并趋于稳定,而最大爆压呈现先增后减,并且存在一个最佳浓度范围,使粉尘爆炸最猛烈;最大爆压和上升速率随点火能量的增强而增大,较强的点火能量能显著改善低质量浓度粉尘的"爆炸不良"效应。将甘薯粉的爆炸下限质量浓度、爆炸猛烈度与锌粉、镁粉和烟煤粉进行对比,发现甘薯粉的爆炸风险远高于烟煤粉和锌粉。The paper is inclined to present the results of our experi- ments and analysis on the explosive feature of sweet potato starch con- ducted in a Siwek 20 L spherical vessel. The testing results we have gained show that the lower explosion limit of the tested sweet potato dust was 80 85 g/m3, higher than the magnesium and far lower than that of coal and zinc. In addition, we have also analyzed the effect of the dust concentration, particle size and ignition energy on the explo- sion severity, including the maximal explosion pressure, maximal rate of pressure rise and the combustion duration. The results show that finer dust represents greater explosion hazards and shorter combustion duration, which implies greater hazards for industrial process to utilize such fine sweet potato particles, if we hope to ensure the inherent safety. On the other hand, the maximum explosion pressure proves to be rising at the beginning and then decreasing as the dust concentra- tion becomes higher, during which the optimal concentration region is between 1 000- 1 250 g/m3 on the condition that the experiment is verified. However, combustion duration proves to be a constant decrement by increasing the dust concentration so as to stabilize the maximum rate of pressure rise. Furthermore, the explosion severity turns to be stronger as the ignition energy increases, because stronger ignition energy can remarkably change the weak explosion system driven by weaker igniters. Besides, the ignition energy seems to have no effect on explosion severity when the dust concentration is over 1 000 g/m3, where dust concentration is dominant factor. Meanwhile, it is also necessary to stress that the severe explosibility of sweet pota- to dust can be found by comparing the minimum explosion limit with the explosion severity of the sweet potato, magnesium, coal and zinc dust, which can help us to find that sweet potato is more dangerous for its higher explosion hazards than coal and zinc. The experimental da- ta and results have thus not only provided dir

关 键 词：安全工程 甘薯粉爆炸 爆炸烈度 爆炸下限 燃烧持续时间 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]