施氮水平对不同小麦品种氮代谢相关指标及产量的影响  

Effect of different fertilizer treatments on the relative indexes of the nitrogen metabolism and yield of different wheat varieties

作　　者：蔺世召[1] 葛伟 熊淑萍[1] 马新明[1] 张营武[1] 杜少勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002 [2]信阳市环保局环境科学研究所,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2011年第5期514-518,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：公益行业(农业)科研专项基金项目(201103001)

摘　　要：在大田条件下,以矮抗58和郑麦366为材料,研究了施氮水平对小麦叶片和子粒谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性、游离氨基酸含量及产量的影响.结果表明,小麦叶片GS活性、游离氨基酸含量在开花后随着生育期的推进均呈先上升后下降趋势,均在花后14 d达到高峰,且倒1叶>倒2叶>倒3叶;子粒的GS活性趋势和叶片一致,但子粒的游离氨基酸含量呈一直下降趋势.在氮素调控作用下,当施氮量在225 kg.hm-2时能够显著增加2个品种叶片和子粒GS活性、游离氨基酸含量和子粒蛋白质含量,当施氮量大于225 kg.hm-2时,矮抗58的GS活性、游离氨基酸含量和子粒蛋白质含量不能显著提高,但是却能使郑麦366的GS活性、游离氨基酸含量和子粒蛋白质含量显著提高.在施氮量为225 kg.hm-2时,2个品种产量均达到最大,矮抗58和郑麦366分别是8 673.39和8 359.60 kg.hm-2.在施氮量为300 kg.hm-2时,2个品种子粒蛋白质含量达到最高,且郑麦366高于矮抗58.To study the effects of different fertilizer treatments on GS activity, free amino acid content in the leaves and kernel of Aikang 58 and Zhengmai 366 were taken as test material under field conditions. It turned out that GS activity and free amino acid content in the leaves increased first and then decreased, and all peaked at 14 days after anthesis, and all declined as the order as the flag leaf 〉 2nd leaf 〉 3 rd leaf. The GS activity in grain was the same to leaves, but free amino acid content kept declining. In different fertilizer treatments, grain protein content, GS activity, and free amino acid content in leaves and grain significantly increased when nitrogen was at 225 kg ·hm-2, Zhengmai 366 kept increasing, but Aikang 58 when nitrogen was above 225 kg ·hm-2. The grain yield was highest at 225 kg·hm-2, Aikang58 and Zhengmai 366 were8673.39 and8 359.60 kg·hm-2. It is concluded that the grain yield both of Aikang 58 and Zhengmai 366 were the highest at 225 kg ·hm-2, and the yield of Aikang 58 was higher than that of Zhengmai 366 ; but the grain protein content of both of Aikang 58 and Zhengmai 366 was the highest at 300 kg ·hm-2, and the grain protein content of Zhengmai 366 was higher than that of Aikang 58.

关 键 词：施氮水平 小麦品种 氮代谢 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]