垂直钻井中钻具姿态动态测量算法研究与应用  

Research and Application of Dynamical Measurement of Drill Tool Attitude in Vertical Drilling

作　　者：张慧慧[1] 宗艳波[1] 史晓锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《测井技术》2011年第5期422-426,共5页Well Logging Technology

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(No.2009AA093501)资助课题

摘　　要：在捷联式自动垂直钻井系统(AVDS)中加速度计、磁场强度计等传感器随钻铤同步转动,因此确定动态钻具的姿态是实现实时防斜、主动纠斜的前提和基础。提出了一种基于转动状态分类和小角度倾斜的钻具姿态的动态测量方法。将钻具的转动状态分为3类:静止、连续转动及粘滑转动状态。当钻具处于静止时,采用了传统的测量算法。连续转动模式的钻具姿态测量算法是基于窄带滤波和等角度重采样的思想。粘滑转动模式的钻具姿态测量算法是基于最小二乘拟合思想。在安徽某油田开展的现场钻井实验结果表明该算法能为纠斜模式提供可靠的钻具姿态信息,帮助钻铤找到精确的推靠方向。该算法能够满足系统对钻铤姿态测量的精度要求。The accelerometers and magnetometers synchronously rotate with the BHA （bottom hole assembly） in the AVDS （automatically strap-down vertical drilling system）. Therefore the determination of dynamical BHA attitudes is premise and critical for real-time deviation control and correction. Based on data classification and small inclination angle approximate solution, a dynamic MWD （measurement while drilling） algorithm is proposed. The BHA rotation mode is divided into three categories： static, continuous and stick-slip rotation. When the BHA is static, traditional algorithm is adopted. In the continuous rotation mode the BHA＇s attitude algorithm uses re-sample theory which is based on the narrowband pass filter and the equal-angle interval, and in the stick-slip rotation mode the measurement algorithm is based on the least-square fitting method. The field experiments show that the algorithm could provide reliable BHA＇s attitude, and help drill collar find the accurate push direction. This dynamic measurement algorithm can meet the AVDS＇s accuracy requirement on the BHA＇s attitude measurement.

关 键 词：随钻测量 捷联式自动垂直钻井 钻具姿态 动态测量 连续转动模式 粘滑转动模式 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]