干凝胶法制备惯性约束聚变靶用高渗透性空心玻璃微球  

Fabrication of Hollow Glass Microspheres with High Permeability for Inertial Confinement Fusion Targets by Dried Gel Method

作　　者：漆小波[1] 高聪[1,2] 魏胜[1] 张占文[1] 李波[1] 师涛[1] 初巧妹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心,四川绵阳621900 [2]四川大学化工学院,成都610065

出　　处：《硅酸盐学报》2011年第10期1546-1552,共7页Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：高温高密度等离子体物理国防科技重点实验室基金(9140C-6806030908)资助项目

摘　　要：为制备惯性约束聚变靶用高渗透性空心玻璃微球(hollow glass microspheres,HGM),研究了初始玻璃配方、发泡剂种类、炉内载气组分和压力、精炼温度对干凝胶粒子的炉内成球过程和最终HGM的产率、质量和渗透性能的影响。结果表明:初始玻璃配方中的绝大部分碱金属氧化物在精炼过程中都从液态玻璃挥发进入载气,最终HGM中二氧化硅含量高于95%。虽然初始玻璃配方对最终HGM的渗透性能影响很小,但对干凝胶粒子的发泡效率、空心微球的产率、以及最终HGM的质量有显著影响。采用碱金属的乙酸盐作为发泡剂有助于制备高渗透HGM。提高精炼区温度和延长精炼区长度有利于增加HGM对氘气的渗透速率。高渗透HGM在室温下对氘气的渗透系数约为4×10-20 mol/(m.s.Pa),略高于石英玻璃对氘气的渗透性能。The hollow glass microspheres （HGMs） with high permeability for inertial confinement fusion targets were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of glass composition, blowing agent, furnace atmosphere pressure and composition, and refining tem- perature on the yield, quality and permeability of resultant HGMs were investigated. The results show that the percentage of silicon dioxide in the resultant HGMs with a high permeability is higher than 95% in mass. The most alkali oxides in the initial dried gel is volatilized in the refining process of liquid HGMs. The initial glass compositions of the dried gel particles have little effect on the permeability of the resulting HGMs. However, the blowing efficiency of the dried gel particles, the yield of hollow microspheres, and the quality of the resultant HGMs vary with the initial glass compositions. The increase of the temperature and length of the refining zone can improve the HGMs＇ permeability to deuterium gas. The permeability coefficient of the high permeation HGMs to deuterium gas at ambient temperature is about 4 ×10 20 mol/（m.s.Pa）, which is slightly higher than that of the pure silica glass to deuterium gas at the same temperature.

关 键 词：空心玻璃微球 高渗透性 干凝胶法 惯性约束聚变 靶制备 

分 类 号：TL639.11[核科学技术—核技术及应用] TQ171[化学工程—玻璃工业]