塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘9种禾本科牧草光系统Ⅱ特性  

Photosystem Ⅱ characteristics of nine Gramineae species in southern Taklamakan Desert

作　　者：李磊[1,2,3] 李向义[1,3] 林丽莎[1,3] 王迎菊[1,2,3] 薛伟[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆策勒848300

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第10期2599-2603,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(200933125)资助

摘　　要：以新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒绿洲边缘广泛种植的中间偃麦草、新燕麦、无芒雀麦、老芒麦、天山赖草、披碱草、矮生高羊茅、冰草和碱茅等9种牧草为试验对象,测定暗适应20min后牧草叶片的快速叶绿素荧光诱导曲线,比较光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的特性,分析各牧草对本地区环境的适应能力.结果表明:天山赖草和披碱草的最大荧光(Fm)、PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)和单位面积反应中心的数量(RC/CSo)的值均显著高于矮生高羊茅、冰草和碱茅,而初始荧光(Fo)、单位反应中心吸收的光能(ABC/RC)、单位反应中心捕获的能量(TRo/RC)、单位反应中心耗散的能量(DIo/RC)、荧光诱导曲线初始斜率(Mo)值则低于矮生高羊茅、冰草和碱茅;中间偃麦草、新燕麦、无芒雀麦和老芒麦的各值处于中间水平.9种牧草均受到恶劣气候条件的不同程度胁迫,PSⅡ反应中心的活性及电子传递受到抑制,其中,天山赖草和披碱草受到的影响较小,而矮生高羊茅、冰草和碱茅的PSⅡ结构和功能受到比较严重的影响,光合作用受抑制的程度较大.Taking the Gramineae species Elytrigia intermedia, Avena sativa, Bromus inermis, Elymus sibiricus, Leymus tianschanicus, Elymus dahuricus, Festuca elata, Agropyron cristatum, and Puccinellia distans at the edge of Cele Oasis in southern Taklimakan Desert as test objects, this paper monitored their fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics after 20 minutes adaptation in darkness, compared their photosystem Ⅱ （PSⅡ） characteristics, and analyzed their adaptability to the local environment. Among the nine Gramineae species, L. tianschanicus and E. dahuricus had markedly higher values of maximum fluorescence yield （Fm）, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ （Fv/Fm）, and active reaction centers per cross-section （RC/CSo）, but lower values of minimum fluorescence yield （Fo）, absorption flux per reaction center （ABC/RC）, maximal trapping flux per reaction center （TRo/RC）, flux of dissipated excitation energy per reaction center （DIo/RC）, and initial slope of fluorescence intensity （Mo）, as compared to F. elata, A. cristatum, and P. distans, whereas E. intermedia, A. sativa, B. inermis, and E. sibiricus had a medium level of the values. These results suggested that all the test pasture species were suffered from the severe environmental conditions of Cele Oasis to some extent, as indicated by the inactivation of PSⅡ reaction center and the depression of electron transport chain. L. tianschanicus and E. dahuricus were least impacted, while F. elata, A. cristatum, and P. distans were most impacted.

关 键 词：光系统Ⅱ 叶绿素荧光参数 牧草 塔克拉玛干沙漠 

分 类 号：S541[农业科学—作物学]