不同氮磷钾施肥方式对水稻碳、氮累积与分配的影响  

Effects of different nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium fertilization modes on carbon-and nitrogen accumulation and allocation in rice plant

作　　者：冯蕾[1,2] 童成立[1] 石辉[2] 吴金水[1] 陈安磊[1] 周萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所农业生态系统过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第10期2615-2621,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB833501-01);国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAD95B02);国家自然科学基金面上项目(40971180)资助

摘　　要：基于我国南方双季稻区20年长期田间定位施肥试验,研究了不同氮磷钾施肥方式对水稻碳、氮积累与分配的影响.结果表明:偏施氮肥处理水稻籽实的碳、氮含量最高,分别达到433和18.9g·kg-1.水稻植株的碳、氮储量以氮磷钾平衡施肥(NPK)及氮磷钾基础上有机物料循环施肥处理(NPKC)最高,其中NPKC和NPK处理籽实碳储量分别为2015和1960kg·hm-2,茎叶碳储量分别为2048和2002kg·hm-2;籽实氮储量分别为80.6和80.5kg·hm-2,茎叶氮储量则以NPK处理最高,为59.3kg·hm-2.有机无机肥的配合施用显著增加了水稻植株体内碳和氮的累积;与偏施氮肥处理相比,氮磷钾的综合施用更利于水稻生长过程中碳、氮的累积与分配.Based on a 20-year field site-specific fertilization experiment in Taoyuan Experimental Station of Agriculture Ecosystems under Chinese Ecosystem Research Network （CERN）, this paper studied the effects of different fertilization modes of N, P, and K on the accumulation and allocation of C and N in rice plant. The fertilization mode N-only showed the highest C and N contents （433 g·kg-1 and 18.9 g·kg-1, respectively） in rice grain, whereas the modes balanced fertilization of chemical N, P and K （NPK） and its combination with organic mature recycling （NPKC） showed the highest storage of C and N in rice plant. In treatments NPK and NPKC, the C storage in rice grain and in stem and leaf was 1960 kg·hm-2 and 2015 kg·hm-2, and 2002 kg·hm-2 and 2048 kg·hm-2, and the N storage in rice grain was 80.5 kg·hm-2 and 80.6 kg·hm-2, respectively. Treatment NPK had the highest N storage （59.3 kg·hm-2） in stem and leaf. Balanced fertilization of chemical N, P, and K combined with organic manure recycling increased the accumulation of C and N in rice plant significantly. Comparing with applying N only, balanced fertilization of chemical N, P, and K was more favorable to the accumulation and allocation of C and N in rice plant during its growth period.

关 键 词：水稻 长期试验 生物量 碳、氮含量 施肥 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]