双极人工股骨头置换术治疗骨质疏松性不稳定性股骨转子间骨折  

Bipolar hemiarthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly patients

作　　者：曹杨[1] 刘斌[1] 王大为[1] 幺贵军[1] 毕郑钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨科,150001

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2011年第10期909-912,共4页Chinese Journal of Trauma

摘　　要：目的探讨双极人工股骨头置换术治疗骨质疏松性不稳定性股骨转子问骨折的疗效。方法选择我院2003年4月-2010年1月应用双极人工股骨头置换术治疗75岁以上股骨转子间骨折患者53例。骨折类型按Evans-Jenson分型：Ⅲ型24例，Ⅳ型18例，Ⅴ型11例。Singh指数Ⅰ级13例，Ⅱ级18例，Ⅲ级12例，Ⅳ级10例。多数患者伤后3d内手术。结果手术时间（75±10）min，出血量（350±68）ml。3例出院后失访，l例于术后5个月死于慢性支气管炎呼吸功能衰竭。术后共49例获得随访，随访时间12～93个月，平均38个月。未发现关节脱位，人工假体松动、下沉或断裂。根据Harris髋关节功能判定标准，末次随访时优29例，良13例，中7例，优良率为86％。结论应用人工关节置换治疗骨质疏松性不稳定性股骨转子间骨折是一种有效的治疗方法。但其创伤较大，作为内固定治疗股骨近端防旋髓内钉（proximal femoral nail antirotation，PFNA）的补充，需要严格掌握其适应证。Objective To explore the application and clinical effect of bipolar hemiarthroplasty with bipolar prosthesis on unstable intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly patients. Methods The study involved 53 patients aged over 75 years with intertrochanterie fracture treated with bipolar hemiarthroplasty in our hospital from April 2003 to January 2010. According to Evans-Jensen classification, there were 24 patients with type m fractures, eight with type Ⅳ and 11 with typeⅤ. Osteoporosis degree was at Singh degree Ⅰ in 13 patients, degree Ⅱ in 18, degree Ⅲ in 12 and degree Ⅳ in 10. Most patients underwent operation within three days after injury. Results The operation duration was （75 ± 10 ） rain, with intraoperative blood loss of （350 ± 68 ） ml. Three patients were lost to follow-up after discharge and one patient was died of respiratory failure caused by chronic bronchitis five months after operation. Forty-nine patients were followed up for 12-93 months （mean 38 months ） , which showed no joint dislocation, or 1 oosening, subsidence or rupture of the prosthesis. According to the Harris score of hip joint, the result at final follow-up was excellent in 29 patients, good in 13 and fair in seven, with excellence rate of 86%. Conclusions Bipolar hemiarthroplasty is an effective treatment for osteoporotic and unstable intertrochanterie fractures in the elderly patients. However, as the complemented therapeutic method of proximal femoral nail antirotation （PFNA） , bipolar hemiarthroplasty has severe secondary trauma and its indications must be strictly mastered.

关 键 词：股骨骨折 高龄 关节成形术 置换 股骨转子间骨折 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]