三鹿奶粉事件的尺度政治分析  

Politics of Scale in "Sanlu-Milkpowder Scandal"

作　　者：刘云刚[1] 王丰龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州510275

出　　处：《地理学报》2011年第10期1368-1378,共11页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40701041);留学回国人员科研启动基金;广东省哲学社会科学十一五规划项目(2009)~~

摘　　要：本文在详细剖析西方已有研究成果的基础上,提出尺度政治分析的一般框架,并运用该框架分析了2008年发生在中国的三鹿奶粉事件的尺度变换过程。在此基础上,通过案例比较总结了中西方尺度政治的差异,并揭示了在中国尺度政治研究的有效性及其应用领域。对三鹿奶粉事件的分析表明,中国的社会事件含有多种利益主体和复杂的尺度政治过程,尤其是中央和地方两级政府在其中发挥着极其重要的作用。尺度政治分析清晰地再现了中央和地方政府在社会事件中由第三方向强势方转化的取向及其尺度下推行为,同时也凸显了在中国独立的第三方尺度政治相对缺失的问题。通过三鹿案例的剖析,本文进一步完善了尺度政治的理论框架,也证实了在中国进行尺度政治分析的可行性。分析表明,尺度政治源于地理思维,但它同样也可对社会学、政治学等其他学科产生影响;它不仅是对尺度概念的一种深化,更可成为解构社会现实的一个有效工具。Since the 1980s,scale was rediscovered by some pioneering western human geographers and becoming a key concept in analyzing or criticizing social-spatial processes.However,scalar view is mainly developed in the fields of natural geography or GIS rather than human geography in China.Actually,scale connotes real,analytic and practical meanings in geography,the practical meaning of scale mainly acts as politics of scale.On the basis of a systematic review of researches on scale in human geography in current English sphere,this paper examines the connotations of scale in human geography and constructs an general conceptual and analytical framework of ＂politics of scale＂,which includes three actors with unequal power,the weak actor mainly uses ＂politics of scale＂ through direct fight by improving its mobility or making alliance with its fellows,or through indirect mobilization by networks or scaled representation.This model is used in explaining the scaling politics in the world-notorious Sanlu-Milkpowder Scandal that happened in 2008.Using materials collected from newspapers and various websites in the two stages of this case,the authors make some efforts to shed light on the comparison between China and the western countries on the features of ＂politics of scale＂.We also argue that this perspective is very useful and effective in understanding quite a lot of social processes in China.This study shows that there are numerous stakeholders and complicated scaled political processes behind social events like Sanlu-Milkpowder Scandal,in these issues the relationships between the central and local governments play a critical role.Our analysis shows that the central and local governments acted first as the third party and then as the strong part which mainly scale the impacts down and stop the weak part from expanding their influences,which is due to the lack of relatively independent third part in China.It is believed that this paper can add some new ideas in current researches on ＂politics of scale＂ and g

关 键 词：尺度 尺度政治 尺度下推 尺度上推 三鹿奶粉事件 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] F203[政治法律—中外政治制度]