女性生殖器官发育异常433例临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of Female Congenital Genital Malformation in 433 Patients

作　　者：蔡兴苑[1] 卢丹[1] 张建萍[1] 张亚兰[1] 熊晓燕[1] 盛洁[1] 郑萍[1] 周琦[1] 吴霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院,北京100026

出　　处：《实用妇产科杂志》2011年第10期745-748,共4页Journal of Practical Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的:探讨女性生殖器官发育异常的临床特点及诊疗方法。方法:回顾性分析433例女性生殖器官发育异常患者的临床资料,分析其构成比、临床特点及诊疗方法。结果:①433例生殖器官发育异常患者中部分患者合并两种或两种以上发育异常,其中子宫发育异常421例,占71.8%(421/586);阴道发育异常141例,占24.1%(141/586);外阴发育异常及输卵管发育异常各12例,各占2.0%(12/586)。②临床表现主要为自然流产及胚胎停止发育(16.4%)、原发闭经(12.0%)、不孕(11.3%)及周期性腹痛(10.9%)。③合并泌尿系统畸形患者24例,占5.7%,主要为阴道斜隔、残角子宫、双子宫、中隔子宫及鞍状子宫患者。④433例生殖器官发育异常患者中302例行手术矫正,占69.7%,其中行宫腔镜手术151例,腹腔镜手术132例,经阴道手术133例,经腹手术65例。131例暂未手术或行器具治疗。结论:女性生殖器官发育异常中以各种类型的子宫发育异常最多见,而其中中隔子宫发病率最高。部分患者合并泌尿系统畸形。女性生殖器官发育异常对女性生育能力影响重大,是否手术和手术方式应依据畸形类型和程度个体化确定。Objective：To analyze the clinical features and diagnostic methods of female patients with congenital genital malformation.Methods：Female patients with congenital genital malformation that had been treated in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to the Capital Medical University during Nov. 2002 to Jan 2010 were included to retrospectively analyze the clinical features,constituent ratio and diagnostic methods.Results：①In 433 female patients with congenital genital malformation part of them complicated with two or more than two types of malformation,there were 421（71.8%） with uterine malformation,141（24.1%） with vaginal malformation,12（2.0%） with vulval malformation,12（2.0%） with oviduct malformation. ②The main clinical manifestation were spontaneous abortion and missed abortion（16.4%） ,primary amenorrhoea（12.0%） ,infertility（11.3%） ,and periodic abdominal pain（10.9%） . ③Incidence of urinary malformation was 5.7%（24/433） ,mainly with oblique septum of vagina,rudimentary horn of uterus,didelphic uterus,septate uterus and saddle uterus.④302 of 433 patients（69.7%） were treated by operation,of which 151 with hysteroscopy,132 with laparoscopy,133 with transvaginal surgery,65 with abdominal surgery,the other 131 without any treatment or only with implement.Conclusions：Uterine malformation is the most common type of female congenital genital malformation that has an important role in female reproductive fertility,while septate uterus constitutes a high proportion in all of the uterine malformation. Parts of the patients are complicated with urinary malformation. The necessity and methods of operation depend on the type and degree of congenital genital malformation.

关 键 词：女性生殖器官发育异常 子宫发育异常 泌尿系统畸形 妇科腔镜 

分 类 号：R711.1[医药卫生—妇产科学]