登陆台风“罗莎”中云物理特征的数值模拟研究  

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CLOUD MICROPHYSICAL FEATURES OF LANDFALL TYPHOON KROSA

作　　者：花丛 刘奇俊 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [2]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2011年第5期626-638,共13页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家973计划项目"台风登陆前后异常变化及机理研究"(2009CB421500)资助

摘　　要：选取2007年16号超强台风"罗莎"为个例,利用耦合了双参数混合相云降水物理方案的GRAPES中尺度模式对其进行模拟,并结合实况雨量、雷达及卫星资料分析了本次台风暴雨的结构及云微物理特征。结果表明,低空急流和不稳定的温度层结为本次降水过程提供了有利的天气条件。强降水中心主要出现在台风云系的北部和东部,在模拟时段内6小时累积降水最大值超过100 mm。积分固态水含量与液态水相当,说明冰相粒子在形成降水的过程中起重要作用。从CloudSat卫星探测结果来看,强对流发生在台风眼周围的云墙中。根据模拟结果分析,台风东北部的强降水属于对流云降水,最强上升气流出现在0℃等温线之下的暖区;西南部的降水强度比较均匀,强上升气流出现在高层冷云中,有利于冰粒子的形成和生长。In this study,the super typhoon KROSA（2007） was simulated using a mesoscale numerical model Global and Regional Assimilation and Prediction System（GRAPES） in which a two-moment mixed-phase microphysics scheme was incorporated.In-situ rainfall observations,radar and satellite data were also used to analyze the precipitation structure and microphysical features.It was shown that low-level jets and unstable temperature stratification provide this precipitation process with favorable weather condition.Heavy rainfall centers were located at the north and east part of KROSA and the maxima of 6-hourly total rainfall during model time were more than 100mm.The quantities of column solid water and column liquid water were basically the same,which indicated that the ice phase played an important role in precipitation formation.Strong convection occurred in the eyewall around the cyclonic center,according to the results of CloudSat.Based on the simulation result,heavy precipitation in the northeast part of the typhoon was triggered by convective clouds,and the strongest updraft appeared under the melting level.In the southwest part of KROSA,precipitation intensity was rather uniform.The center of upward movement occurred in high-level cold clouds,and was very conducive to the formation and growth of ice particles.

关 键 词：台风暴雨 “罗莎” GRAPES模式 双参数云物理方案 云微物理 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]