基于ADTD系统的闪电频次分布特征分析  

ANALYSIS OF LIGHTNING FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS BASED ON ADTD SYSTEM

作　　者：李家启[1,2] 申双和[2] 夏佰成[1] 向波[1] 李博[2] 任艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市气象局,重庆410047 [2]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2011年第5期710-716,共7页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(GYHY(QX)2007-6-22-4)资助

摘　　要：闪电频次是反映雷电活动强弱特征的重要参数。在统计分析重庆市ADTD系统地闪监测资料的基础上,重点分析闪电频次的极性、幅值、雷电流波头陡度和时间分布特征,同时利用GIS软件获取地闪点的高程属性,初步分析了其空间分布特征。结果表明：闪电频次随极性、雷电流幅值和陡度不同而差异显著;闪电雷电流幅值和陡度的频次呈现对数正态分布;闪电频次的月际分布特征表现为正闪集中在4—7月,负闪集中在7—8月;日际分布特征表现为闪电频次主要集中在03：00—07：00和15：00—19：00;在高度空间分布上闪电发生频次最高地区为海拔300~500 m的区域,以后呈现随高度上升而呈递减趋势;在纬度分布中,高频区域分布在28.9~30.3°N,次高频地区为30.7~31.5°N之间;经度分布特征来看,呈现双峰双谷（两个峰值区分别为105.9~106.9°E、108.1~109.1°E）;高幅值区域正负闪频次比值高于低幅值区域;闪电频次较高地方集中在重庆市东北部、东南部和西部等地。在此基础上获得了重庆地区的雷电流幅值和陡度频次分布表达式,为雷电防护提供了重要的理论基础。Lightning frequency is an important parameter to reflect the strength characteristics of lightning activities.This paper focuses on analysis of time distribution characteristics of lightning frequency based on the statistical analysis of ground flash monitoring data by Chongqing ADTD system.Simultaneously,this paper obtains the height property of ground flash point by GIS software and analyzes its space distribution characteristics.The results indicate that the lightning frequency is obviously different associated with different lightning polarities,lightning current amplitudes and gradient;the frequency of lightning current amplitude and gradient is log-normal distribution;the monthly characteristics of lightning frequency are that the positive flashes are dominated from April to July and negative flashes from July to August;the daily characteristics are that the lightning frequency is concentrated in 03：00—07：00 h and 15：00—19：00 h;in the space distribution,the region which has highest frequency is the area 300~500 m above sea level,and then the frequency is decreased with the increase of the height;in the latitude distribution,the high value region is in 28.9~30.3 °N and the second high value region is in 30.7~31.5 °N;in the longitude distribution,the characteristics show double peaks and double valleys（the longitudes of two peak values regions are in 105.9~106.9 °E and in108.1~109.1 °E）;in high amplitude region,the ratio of the positive and negative flashes is higher than that in low amplitude region;the regions which have high lightning frequency are concentrated in northeast,southwest and west Chongqing.Based on above,we obtain the expression of lightning current amplitude and gradient frequency in Chongqing.It offers important theory basis for lightning protection.

关 键 词：ADTD系统 闪电频次 分布特征 

分 类 号：P427.321[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]