广州酸雨现状及影响因素分析  

CURRENT STATUS AND CAUSES OF ACID RAIN IN GUANGZHOU

作　　者：王志春[1] 丁凌云[2] 刘尉[1] 植石群[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省气候中心,广东广州510080 [2]中山大学化学与化学工程学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2011年第5期717-722,共6页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

摘　　要：通过对广州1992—2008年酸雨资料的统计分析表明,广州酸雨年变化明显,17年的年平均pH值为4.05,酸雨年均pH值最低达3.41,最高达4.53;17年的酸雨年均发生频率为86.9%,最低为71.8%,最高为98.6%;酸雨季节变化明显:春季pH值最低,夏季pH值最高;酸雨月平均pH值变化幅度大:pH值最低出现在2月,最高在12月。通过对广州雨水离子组分和污染物浓度分析表明,影响广州雨水酸度的主要离子为:S O24?、Cl-、Ca2+、NH 4+和NO 3?,主要大气污染物为SO2和NOx。广州酸雨形成机制不仅与污染源有关,还与污染物在迁移扩散过程的天气系统和边界层气象特征有关。It was demonstrated from statistical analysis of acid rain for 1992—2008 that the annual variability of acid rain in Guangzhou changed markedly.For the 17-year period,the average annual pH value of acid rain is 4.05,with the lowest at 3.13 and the highest at 4.53;The average annual frequency of acid rain is 86.9%,with the lowest annual value at 71.8% and the highest at 98.6%.Moreover,acid rain changed obviously in different seasons,with the lowest pH value being in spring and the highest in summer.The average pH value of acid rain also varies from month to month,with February having the lowest pH value and December having the highest.SO42-,Cl-,Ca2＋,NH4＋ and NO3-were identified as the main ions that influenced the pH value of rainfall in Guangzhou and SO2 and NOx were the main pollutants,a conclusion drawn after analysis of ion composition of rainfall as well as pollution concentration.The formation mechanism of acid rain in Guangzhou is not only related to the pollution source,but also related to weather systems and meteorological features of the boundary layer in the process of pollution migration and diffusion.

关 键 词：酸雨 污染 现状 边界层气象特征 广州 

分 类 号：X517[环境科学与工程—环境工程]