海河流域农业非点源污染评价  

Assessment on the Agricultural Nonpoint SourcePollution Loads of Haihe River Basin

作　　者：吴敬学[1] 朱梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业经济与管理》2011年第5期5-18,共14页Agricultural Economics and Management

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07631_002_04)

摘　　要：伴随着我国经济的快速增长,人类活动和资源环境的矛盾加剧,水资源短缺和水环境污染的形势严峻。海河流域是中国的政治、经济和文化中心,在国民经济中具有重要的战略地位,然而它却是中国水污染最严重的流域。本文通过分析评价现有大尺度流域非点源污染负荷估算方法,建立了适合现有数据条件并有一定精确性的大尺度流域农业非点源污染负荷估算方法—"三维"系数估算法,估算农业非点源污染负荷量,评价农业非点源污染对水体污染的影响,并在此基础之上,提出了介于环境资源的公共物品属性决定了控制农业非点源污染必须由政府主导、公众广泛参与。海河流域要重点抓好畜禽养殖污染的控制,大力推广生态畜牧业。积极推进"农村清洁工程",改善农村生活条件。With the rapid development of national economy, the increasing contradiction between human activities and source environment, the situation of water resource shortage and water environment pollution is becoming more and more serious. Haihe river basin is the center of politics, economy and culture in China, it takes great strategic roles in national economy; however, it also is the most serious water pollution river basin in China. By analyzing the methodology on estimating agricultural nonpoint source pollution loads on macro-scale watershed, this paper sets up the three-dimensional unit load method to assess the influence on the water pollution by estimating agricultural nonpoint source pollution loads of Haihe river basin. Finally, the paper put forward that the government should play leading roles in environ- mental protection because of the publicity and externality of environment resources. The focus of government environmental management and control lies on livestock breeding, which contributes most part of agricultural

关 键 词：海河流域 农业非点源污染 负荷 评价 

分 类 号：X506[环境科学与工程—环境工程]