始花期追施尿素对菜用大豆品质的影响  

Effect of Topdressing Urea at Beginning of Bloom on Seed Quality of Vegetable-Type Soybean Cultivars

作　　者：张惠君[1] 路茸[1] 王海英[1] 敖雪[1] 谢甫绨[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳100866

出　　处：《大豆科学》2011年第5期804-808,共5页Soybean Science

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅科技基金资助项目(2008201004)

摘　　要：选用3个早熟和1个晚熟菜用大豆品种,探讨了始花期不同尿素追施量(0、75、150 kg.hm-2)对菜用大豆籽粒可溶性糖、蛋白质和脂肪积累的影响。结果表明:从鼓粒到籽粒成熟,菜用大豆籽粒的可溶性糖含量总体呈上升趋势,脂肪积累呈现"S"型曲线变化,蛋白质含量总体呈上升趋势,但后期出现小幅下降。早熟品种籽粒的可溶性糖含量在开花后25～32 d上升最快,晚熟品种在开花后25～39 d上升速度较快,之后上升速度明显减慢。早熟品种籽粒的蛋白质含量在开花后25～32 d上升最快,之后上升速度明显减慢。始花期追施适量尿素有利于提高菜用大豆籽粒可溶性糖、脂肪和蛋白质的平均积累速率和最大积累速率,过量施肥虽然可以提高菜用大豆籽粒可溶性糖、脂肪和蛋白质的平均积累速率,却降低了其可溶性糖和蛋白质的最大积累速率。始花期追施尿素有利于提高菜用大豆成熟籽粒中可溶性糖、脂肪和蛋白质的含量,且中等施肥水平比高施肥水平更有利于成熟籽粒中可溶性糖、脂肪和蛋白质含量的增加。Three early-maturity and one late-maturity vegetable-type soybean were used as materials to study the effect of urea topdressing at R1 on dynamic accumulation and final content of soluble sugar,fat and protein in soybean seed.From seed-filling to mature stage,soluble sugar content increased,fat content showed ＂S＂ curve,protein content increased and decreased a little at the end of growth stage.For the early-maturity cultivars,seed soluble sugar content accumulated mostly during the 25-32 days after blooming,while 25-39 days for the late-maturity cultivar.The seed protein accumulated mostly during 25-32 days after blooming for the early-maturity cultivar.Topdressing urea at the beginning of bloom could increase the average accumulation rate and the maximum accumulation rate of seed soluble sugar,fat and protein,and the middle fertilizer level（75 kg·ha-1）was more effective than that of the high fertilizer level（150 kg·ha-1）.

关 键 词：菜用大豆 尿素 可溶性糖 脂肪 蛋白质 

分 类 号：S643.7[农业科学—蔬菜学]