纺丝条件对PVDF/PVP共混中空纤维膜性能的影响  

EFFECT OF SPINNING CONDITIONS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF PVDF/PVP HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANE

作　　者：张东海[1] 王磊[1] 孟晓荣[2] 王旭东[1] 李薇[1] 原巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学理学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《水处理技术》2011年第11期26-29,共4页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：教育部博士点基金项目-博导类(20096120110010);陕西省"13115"科技创新工程重大科技专项(2010ZDKG-56);陕西省省级重点实验室重点科研计划项目(2010JS028);西部建筑科技国家重点实验室(筹)开放研究基金(10KF08)

摘　　要：采用干-湿法纺丝工艺制备PVDF/PVP共混中空纤维膜,利用红外分析技术和广角粉末衍射表征了膜组成和结晶性质,考察了液膜空气蒸发时间、铸膜液脱泡时间、拉伸速度、芯液温度等纺丝条件对膜的纯水通量、截留率、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率等性能的影响。结果表明,随芯液温度提高,膜纯水通量和截留率变化不大,但能显著提高拉伸强度和断裂伸长率;随着铸膜液脱泡时间和液膜在空气中蒸发时间的延长,膜纯水通量下降,截留率升高,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率增大;拉伸速度与膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率呈正相关,在3.28 m.min-1时的膜纯水通量和截留率表现最佳。试验条件下得出的最优纺丝条件为:芯液温度60℃,静置脱泡48 h,蒸发时间2 s,拉伸速度3.28 m.min-1。Infrared analysis and wide-angle powder diffraction were used to investigate the characteristics of the membrane composition and crystalline nature of the PVDF/PVP hollow fiber membrane prepared by dry-wet filature process,and the influence of time of evaporation,time of deaeration,drawing speed and temperature of core liquid on PVDF/PVC hollow fiber membrane were studied through pure water flux,rejection ration,tensile-strength and elongation at break.The results indicated that the temperature of core liquid had not obvious effect on the pure water flux and rejection ration,while the tensile-strength and elongation at break increased with the increase of the temperature of core liquid;with the beginning of the time of deaeration and the time of evaporation in the air increase,the pure water flux decline in,rejection ration increase,tensile-strength and elongation at break augmentation;drawing speed and tensile-strength and elongation at break were positively correlated,when it arrived at 3.28 m·min-1 the pure water flux and rejection ration performance best.The optimal spinning conditions were that,the temperature of core liquid at 60 ℃,the time of deaeration at 48 h,the time of evaporation at 2 s,the drawing speed arrived at 3.28 m·min-1.

关 键 词：PVDF PVP 芯液温度 脱泡时间 蒸发时间 拉伸速度 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]