新疆北部荒漠地区春小麦、甜菜需水量与需水规律研究  

Water requirement and its law for spring wheat and sugar beet in arid desert region of Northern Xinjiang

作　　者：刘虎[1] 苏佩凤[1] 王永增[2] 郭克贞[1] 杰恩斯.马坦 

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年第11期182-186,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国水科院科研专项"新疆干旱荒漠草原人工草地节水灌溉关键技术初步研究"新疆少数民族科技骨干人才特殊培养科研专项资金项目"牧区水利建设在伊犁河谷草原生态保护中的作用研究"资助

摘　　要：新疆北部阿勒泰草原的农牧业生产主要是在荒漠瘠薄的土地上开发和发展起来的,通过对联合国"2817项目"1990年-1992年春小麦和甜菜灌溉试验数据进行分析比较,初步得到该区域春小麦和甜菜土壤水分与生长发育及产量关系。结果表明:春小麦和甜菜的最优灌溉定额分别为433.7和251.2mm,需水系数为1.7和0.22。最大需水量阶段分别为春小麦的拔节-抽穗期、抽穗-灌浆期和甜菜的中期,占总需水量的34%和50%。春小麦的棵间蒸发和植株蒸腾量约占总需水量的40%和60%,而甜菜的棵间蒸发和叶面蒸腾各占31%和69%。The productivity of Altay grassland was mainly developed on barren desert land.In the article,we analyzed and compared test data based on the irrigation experiment of United Nation＇s ＂2817 Project ＂ between 1990-1994,and got the relationship among the soil moisture,spring wheat and sugar beet growth and yield.The results showed that the optimal irrigation quota for spring wheat and sugar beet were 433.7mm and 251.2mm,and the coefficients of water required were 1.4 and 0.22.The stages of the largest water demand were at jointing-heading and heading-filling of spring wheat,and the medium-term growth of sugar beet.Evaporation and transpiration of spring wheat were about 40% and 60% of the total water demand,while sugar beet leaf evaporation and transpiration were 31% and 69%.

关 键 词：北疆 春小麦 甜菜 需水量 需水规律 

分 类 号：Q945.17[生物学—植物学]