干旱区地下水埋深空间分布对天然植被覆盖度影响研究—以塔里木河下游为例  

Effects of spatial distribution of groundwater on vegetation coverage in arid region—A case study in the lower reaches of Tarim river

作　　者：郭玉川[1] 杨鹏年[1] 李霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院 [2]新疆农业大学草业与环境工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2011年第12期161-165,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：水利部公益项目(200801050);国家自然科学基金(40931027)资助

摘　　要：以塔里木河下游输水河畔的植被覆盖度和地下水埋深为研究对象,建立遥感反演模型获取研究区植被覆盖度的空间分布,建立地下水数值模型模拟与覆盖度同时段的埋深空间分布,采用空间分析方法对覆盖度和埋深的空间分布数据进行分析,获取不同埋深区间所对应的植被覆盖度,并得出以下结论:研究区植被覆盖度在地下水0～20m的埋深区间上呈阶梯状分布:即植被覆盖度大于15%的地区地下水埋深多为2～5m,覆盖度在10%～15%之间的地区地下水埋深多为4～8m,覆盖度在5%～10%的地区地下水埋深多大于6m,覆盖度小于5%的地区地下水埋深多大于8m;考虑到减少无效潜水蒸发,可以认为在西北干旱区,维持天然植被正常生长的理想地下水埋深应保持在3～5m,在5～8m时植被生长会受到严重胁迫,一旦埋深大于8m,植被几乎难以生存。We studed the vegetation coverage and groundwater depth in the lower reaches of Tarim River by remote sensing and numerical simulation of groundwater, and analyzed correlation between coverage and depth under the same coordinates in study areas and draw the following conclusions： in the study area the vegetation coverage shows ladder-like distribution when ground water ranging from 0 to 20m： when the vegetation coverage is greater than 15% the ground water is mostly 3~5m,the coverage is between 10% and 15% the ground water is mostly 4 ~ 8m,the coverage is between 5% and 10% the ground water is greater than 6m,the coverage is less than 5% the ground water is more than 8m,so we suggest that groundwater restoration goals should be 3~5m.And when the depth is between 5 and 8m,the vegetation growth will be severely affected.Once the depth is more than 8m,vegetation is almost difficult to survive.

关 键 词：塔里木河下游 植被覆盖度 地下水埋深 遥感 数值模型 

分 类 号：TV211[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]