一类蚂蚁黏附系统的实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A KIND OF ANTS' ADHESIVE SYSTEM

作　　者：李新然[1] 孙冬雅[1] 谢季佳[2] 陈少华[2] 王海军[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京市第四中学高三,北京100034 [2]中国科学院力学研究所非线性力学国家重点实验室,北京100190 [3]北京师范大学鄂尔多斯附属学校,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《力学与实践》2011年第5期51-56,共6页Mechanics in Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10972220,10732050,10721202);LNM开放课题资助项目

摘　　要：以家蚁为研究对象,利用扫描电镜、光学显微镜等仪器对其足部微观黏附结构进行了实验观察,研究了家蚁在洁净玻璃板上爬行的黏附机理,并观察了不同表面粗糙度、倾斜度的玻璃板及蜡表面上蚂蚁的爬行行为.实验结果表明此类蚂蚁的黏附主要依赖于足部缩放自如的囊状中垫.玻璃板粗糙度及倾斜度对蚂蚁爬行行为无明显影响,而随着蜡表面倾斜度的增大,家蚁的黏附爬行能力逐渐降低,最终在一定倾斜度的蜡表面黏附失效.With the help of scanning electronic microscope and optical microscope, the micro-adhesive systems of house ants are observed and studied experimentally, especially for the adhesive mechanisms on clean glass sheets and the climbing behaviors on glass sheets or wax surfaces with different surface roughness or tilted angles. Experimental observations show that the adhesion of ants depends largely on an arolium, which can extend freely. The surface roughness and tilted angles of glass sheets have no obvious effects on ants＇ climbing behaviors. However, ants＇ adhesion ability decreases when the tilted angle of wax surface increases, and becomes invalid beyond a critical tilted angle.

关 键 词：蚂蚁 黏附系统 中垫 表面 

分 类 号：Q692[生物学—生物物理学]