中国制造业企业500强总部空间格局及区位选择  

HEADQUARTER SPATIAL PATTERN AND LOCATION CHOICE OF TOP 500 ENTERPRISES OF CHINESE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES

作　　者：姜海宁[1] 谷人旭[1] 李广斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,中国上海200062 [2]苏州科技大学地理与资源科学系,中国江苏苏州210046

出　　处：《经济地理》2011年第10期1666-1673,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51078246);上海重点学科建设项目(人文地理)(编号:B410)联合资助

摘　　要：运用Arc GIS 9.2软件并基于点和面两个方面对2004—2008年的中国制造业企业500强总部空间格局特征进行测度,具体结合核密度指数、Morans’I、Getis-Ord General G和Getis-Ord Gi*等指标,结果表明:基于点层面,企业总部主要分布在长三角、环渤海以及珠三角等区域,尤以前两者更显著;基于面的层面,全局空间集聚程度较低,其中热点区布局较稳定,并以长三角和环渤海为主,而珠三角有日益衰退趋势,而其增长格局呈现出极强的随机性和不稳定性;2004—2005、2005—2006和2006—2007年时段增长热点区与冷点区均集中在长三角、环渤海和珠三角。2007—2008年热点区范围与数量远高于前3个时段,而全国大部分区域已由次冷区转为次热区。以此为基础,本文结合城市的服务业水平、基础设施建设、可达性、人力资源以及拥有权力等方面的11个影响因素,并采用Eviews 3.1软件对其进行定量测度和分析。In order to make a quantitative analysis about headquarters distribution of top 500 enterprises of Chinese manufacturing industries, the software of Arc GIS 9.2 was adopted to analyze it based on spatial distribution of both point and region. The pattern of headquarters spatial distribution was assessed by the nuclear density index based on point aspect as well as ESDA based on region aspect. Finally, the location choice factors were quantitatively assessed by Eviews 3.1.As for the point aspect, from 2004 to 2008, corporate headquarters were essentially concentrated in the Yangtze Delta Region, areas surrounding Bo Sea and Pearl River Delta area and so on. On the other hand, as for the region aspect, the overall degree of headquarters agglomeration was quite low. The distribution pattern ofhotspot regions were essentially distributed in the Yangtze Delta Region and areas surrounding Bo Sea, remained stable. However, the advantage of Pearl River Delta was decreasing day by day. On the whole, the growth framework of headquarters agglomeration was extremely random and unstable. During the periods of 2004-2005, 2005-2006 and 2006-2007, the hotspot and cold spot regions were mainly distributed in Yangtze Delta Region, areas surrounding Bo Sea and Pearl River Delta, while the majority area of China belonged to sub-cold regions. However, during the year of 2007-2008, a much larger area and amount of the hotspot appeared compared to the former 3 periods, while the majority of China showed sub-hot character. In 2004, the location of subway tended to site corporate headquarters, the most remarkable factor of all, followed by provincial capital or municipality and average accessibility. While in 2008, the factor about provincial capital or municipality was significant on attracting headquarters, while the attraction effect of subway and average accessibility was equivalent. In 2004, the attraction effect coefficients of seaport, river port and airport were ten times more than colleges and universities, sixty times more than

关 键 词：制造业企业 总部区位 500强 空间格局 区位选择 中国 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] F407.4[经济管理—产业经济]