攀枝花市城乡居民食物结构及饮食习惯差异调查分析  

INVESTIGATION ON THE FOOD STRUCTURE AND FOOD HABIT DIFFERENCE OF RESIDENTS IN PANZHIHUA

作　　者：蒋德勇[1] 张家华[1] 高汝琼 袁林焕 李芳颖 何君 王红 

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市疾病预防控制中心,攀枝花617000 [2]攀枝花市仁和区疾控中心 [3]攀枝花市"普及营养关爱健康"专家讲师团

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第21期4364-4365,4375,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]掌握城乡居民饮食结构和饮食习惯是否存在差异,为制定相应干预措施提供依据。[方法]抽取攀枝花市城区居民、农村居民和餐饮从业人员共1037人进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括居民的食物结构和饮食习惯,由经过培训的专业人员采用面访调查,资料用SPSS14.0进行统计分析。[结果]农村居民定时用餐的占33.23%,低于城市居民(52.93%)和餐饮从业人员(54.39%)(χ2=37.454,P=0.000);农村居民不吃早餐的占19.33%,高于城市居民(6.10%)和餐饮从业人员(4.39%)(χ2=48.336,P=0.000);农村居民主要食用动物油占43.20%,远高于城市居民(1.95%),农村居民主要使用植物油的占11.18%,远低于城市居民(78.29%);农村居民每天吃蔬菜的占93.35%,高于餐饮从业人员(87.16%)和城市居民(85.36%)(χ2=12.068,P=0.002);农村居民每天吃水果的占26.59%,低于餐饮从业人员(40.20%)和城市居民(49.27%)(χ2=39.550,P=0.000);农村居民吃禽肉平均每周少于1次的占70.39%,高于城市居民(43.66%)和餐饮从业人员(38.51%)(χ2=77.076,P=0.000);农村居民和餐饮从业人员食用水产品平均每周少于1次的分别占84.89%和84.12%,高于城市居民(74.44%)(χ2=22.496,P=0.000);农村居民吃鸡蛋平均每周少于1次的占34.44%,分别高于餐饮从业人员的18.92%和城市居民的14.39%(χ2=45.203,P=0.000);农村居民吃豆类及其制品平均每周少于1次的占42.90%,高于餐饮从业人员的23.99%和城市居民的23.41%(χ2=39.929,P=0.000);农村居民吃奶类平均每周少于1次的占84.89%,分别高于餐饮从业人员的47.97%和城市居民的30.24%(χ2=223.429,P=0.000)。[结论]攀枝花市城乡居民食物结构饮食结构和饮食习惯存在较大差异,在开展营养健康教育时应有重点和针对性。[Objective]To grasp the diet structure and diet habit differences between the urban residents and rural residents,in order to provide the basis for formulating appropriate interventions.[Methods]We extracted a total of 1 037 people from Panzhihua,the countryside residents and the dining jobholders altogether to carry on the questionnaire survey,and the questionnaire content included resident＇s food structure and the food habit,which was used by trained professionals to visit the investigation,and the material carried on the statistical analysis with SPSS14.0.[Results]33.23% of the rural residents had meals regularly,lower than urban residents（52.93%）and the foodservice employees（54.39%）;19.33% of the rural residents did not eat breakfast,more than the urban residents（6.10%）and the foodservice employees（4.39%）;43.20% of the rural residents mainly ate animal grease,more than urban residents（1.95%）,at the same time only 11.18% of the rural residents mainly had vegetable oil,less than the urban residents（78.29%）;93.35% of the rural residents ate vegetables everyday,that was higher than the foodservice employees（87.16%）and the urban residents（85.36%）;26.59% of the rural residents ate fruit everyday,lower than the foodservice employees（40.20%）and the urban residents（49.27%）;70.39% of the rural residents hardly ate poultry meat,higher than the urban residents（43.66%）and the foodservice employees（38.51%）;84.89% of the rural and 84.12% of the foodservice employees hardly ate seafood,higher than the urban residents（74.44%）;34.44% of the rural residents scarcely ate eggs,higher than the foodservice employees（18.92%）and urban residents（14.39%）;42.90% of the rural residents do not eat beans and its products,more than the foodservice employees（23.99%）and the urban residents（23.41%）;84.89% of the rural residents did not eat milk and its product,higher than foodservice employees（47.97%）and the city＇s residents（30.24%）.[Conclusion]The food structure a

关 键 词：城乡居民 食物结构 饮食习惯 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]