级次纳米结构材料及其液相合成  

Hierarchical Nanostructures and Their Solution-Phase Synthesis

作　　者：刘国栋[1] 陈代荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]济宁学院化学与化工系,济宁273155 [2]山东大学化学与化工学院,济南250100

出　　处：《化学进展》2011年第11期2308-2317,共10页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金项目(No.BS2010CL009)资助

摘　　要：级次纳米结构材料因其新颖的结构,独特的化学、物理性质,以及形貌和尺寸对这些性质极大地影响,使得它在光、电、磁等方面的性质更加丰富,为实现由下到上构建纳米器件提供了坚实的基础。由此级次纳米结构材料引起化学家和材料学家的极大兴趣,成为纳米材料化学领域中引人注目的研究方向之一。本文综述了近年来国内外级次纳米结构材料的最新研究进展,重点介绍了介孔材料、具有级次结构的空心球、气凝胶和其他典型的级次纳米结构,归纳了级次纳米结构制备中的各种液相合成方法及其特点,讨论了级次纳米结构的合成机制及各种影响因素,并在此基础上对级次纳米结构材料在一些领域的应用前景进行了展望。The hierarchical nanostructures built from nanounits,such as nanoparticles,nanorods/wires/belts,and nanoplates/disks/sheets,which exhibit unique physical and chemical properties different from those of nanounits,have been widely investigated.To find and investigate the novel nanoarchitectures or hierarchical nanostructures for some functional compounds is still an interesting task not only in answering basic research questions but also in technological applications.This article reviews the recent progress of hierarchical nanomaterials research.In this article mesoporous material,hollow structures,aerogel and other typical hierarchical nanostructures are mainly introduced.A lot of useful solution-phase synthesis routes are classified according to the category,including hydro/solvothermal routes,template methods,solid spheres as precursors,structure-directed reagent assistant methods and irradiation of microwave reaction.The latest developments of hierarchical nanostructures prepared by above methods and their synthesis routes,mechanism are described in detail.And a brief outlook of potential applications of these new materials is also given.

关 键 词：级次纳米结构 液相合成 模板法 半导体 

分 类 号：O611.4[理学—无机化学] TB383[理学—化学]