渤海辽东湾高家滩沿海滩涂贝类资源调查  

Coastal shellfish resources survey of Gaojia Beach in Liaodong Bay,Bohai Sea

作　　者：赵云龙[1] 赵文[1] 闫喜武[1] 杨增强[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2011年第5期471-474,共4页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家"十一五"支撑计划项目(2006BAD09A01);辽宁省教育厅创新团队项目(2007T016)

摘　　要：于2009年8月—2010年7月对渤海辽东湾高家滩沿海滩涂贝类资源进行了周年调查。结果表明:在高家滩沿海共采集滩涂贝类37种,分别隶属于2纲、3亚纲、8目、19科、29属,主要经济贝类有菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum、西施舌Mactra antiquata、大竹蛏Solen grandis、四角蛤蜊Mactra veneriformis、文蛤Meretrix meretrix 5种,占滩涂贝类总现存资源量的81.75%;平均栖息密度为508.9个/m2,平均生物量为412.27 g/m2,现存量为3 021.94 t,生物量季节性变化明显;贝类生态分布特点,依不同潮间带区域呈带状分布,高潮带为马蹄螺科群落,中潮带为蛤仔-西施舌群落,低潮带为文蛤-竹蛏群落,春夏贝类主要分布于高潮带外缘至低潮带,秋冬分布于中潮带至深度基准面,迁徙趋势明显。在调查高家滩滩涂贝类资源现状的基础上,提出了对资源合理利用和增殖保护的措施。The comprehensive survey of coastal shellfish resources was carried out at Gaojia Beach in Liaodong Bay,Bohai Sea,from July 2009 to August 2010.There were 2 classes,3 subclasses,8 orders,19 families and 37 species belonging to 29 genera in the shellfish species collected at Gaojia Beach.The following five species including Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum,Coelomactra antiquate,Solen gouldis,Mactra veneriformis,and Meretrix meretrix were the economically important bivalves,accounted for 81.75 percent of total biomass of the shellfish.The average biomass and density of shellfish were found 412.27 g/m2 and 508.9 ind./m2,and the total biomass 3 021.94 t,being varied seasonally.The shellfish showed a belt type in ecological distribution in accordance with different intertidal zones,Trochidae community in high-intertide,Manila clam-Coelomactra antiquat community in middle-intertide,and Meretrix meretrix-Solenidae community in low-intertide.The shellfish was distributed in the area from outer fringe of high-intertidal to low-intertidal in spring and summer,middle-intertidal to datum line for sounding reduction,and the two kinds of different distributions showed a significant migration trend in the distribution of shellfish.The suggestion of utilization and enhancement of the shellfish resources was proposed in this paper.

关 键 词：滩涂贝类 资源量 渤海辽东湾高家滩 

分 类 号：S932.6[农业科学—渔业资源]