宿生棉耐冷相关性状的种间杂种优势及细胞质效应分析  

Research on Interspecific Heterosis and Cytoplasm Effect of Cryotolerance and Its Related Traits in Perennial Cotton

作　　者：张新[1,2] 陈国平[1,3] 潘凤英[1] 王喜源[1] 周瑞阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [2]河南科技学院棉花研究所,河南新乡453003 [3]广西柑桔研究所,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2011年第5期1669-1675,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A05-xz02);广西研究生教育创新计划资助项目(2008105930901D015)

摘　　要：探讨一二年生棉花耐冷相关性状的种间杂种优势和细胞质效应,为棉花耐冷杂交育种提供理论依据。采用随机区组设计,对由4个不同耐冷级别的棉花材料配制的4对正反交组合F1进行株高、茎粗、出苗至开花天数、露地越冬指数和茎表皮耐冷生理生化指标等的杂种优势和细胞质效应分析。结果表明:①越冬耐冷性相关性状的相关分析表明,露地越冬指数与茎表皮电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、出苗至开花天数显著相关,出苗至开花天数这一生育期指标与电导率、茎粗极显著相关。②二年生陆海杂种F1的耐冷性具备超亲优势,一年生陆海杂种F1的耐冷性只具有中亲优势而不具备超亲优势,同时二年生材料的耐冷性强于一年生,说明陆海杂种F1二年生栽培更有优势。③一二年生棉花耐冷性的细胞质效应均不显著,但存在一定的核质互作效应,且在不同的正反交陆海杂种F1组合中具有多样化特征。The interspecific heterosis and cytoplasm effect in cryotolerance and its related traits of annual and biennial cotton were researched in order to provide theoretical basis for cross breeding.4 couples of reciprocal crosses,which were produced by 4 cotton materials with different grades of cryotolerance,were used to investigate the heterosis and cytoplasm effect in cryotolerance and its related traits（plant height,stem diameter,days from emergence to flowering,overwintering survivorship,physiological and biochemical indexes）,using the method of random block design.The results showed that：（i） The correlation analysis on overwintering cryotolerance and its related traits indicated that,the index of overwintering survivorship was significantly correlated with relative conductivity,MDA and the days from emergence to flowering,and the days from emergence to flowering was very significantly correlated with relative conductivity and stem diameter;（ii） The cryotolerance of the biennial interspecific hybrids F1 cotton had the heterosis over the better parent,but the cryotolerance of the annual interspecific hybrids F1 cotton only had the heterosis over the mean of parents,meanwhile,the cryotolerance of biennial cotton was stronger than annual cotton;（iii） Cytoplasm effect was not significant in annual and biennial cotton,but there was diverse effect of nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction in different reciprocal crosses of interspecific hybrids F1 cotton.

关 键 词：棉花 多年生 耐冷性 杂种优势 细胞质效应 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]