《李十三十大本》中的助词“加”  

Auxiliary"Jia"of Li Shisan’s Ten Great Scenarioes

作　　者：田晓荣[1] 卜晓梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院人文学院,陕西渭南714000

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2011年第5期61-64,共4页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：教育部社科规划项目(10YJA740087);秦东历史文化项目(QDYB1107)

摘　　要：《李十三十大本》是清代陕西著名戏曲家李芳桂创作的碗碗腔皮影戏剧本,其中多处使用了一个特殊的助词"加"。从语法意义看,表将来时态;从句法位置看,置于动词或动词性短语之后;从句类选择看,多出现在陈述句和疑问句末尾。因此",加"是表达时制意义的一种语法手段,应属于表未然的时制助词。这个助词是对近代汉语助词"加(价、家、假)"的继承和发展,同时又是受当地方言的影响。《十大本》中助词"加"的丰富语例,为研究近代汉语提供了鲜活的原始资料。Li Shisan’s Ten Great Scenarioes is a shadow play with wanwan tone by Li Fanggui,a dramatist from Shaanxi province in the Qing Dynasty.In this play the auxiliary＂Jia＂is used in many parts.＂Jia＂indicates the future tense from a grammatical sense.Syntactically,it is usually placed after verbs or verbal phrases.In terms of sentence types,it mostly occurs at the end of declarative sentences and interrogative sentences.Therefore,＂Jia＂is a grammatical means of time indication and it should be the auxiliary of time showing the future tense.This auxiliary is derived and developed from modern Chinese＂加（价,家,假）＂and also influenced by the local dialect.The abundant examples of auxiliary ＂Jia ＂in Ten Great Scenarios have provided lively and firsted-handed reference materials for the research on modern Chinese dialect.

关 键 词：时制助词 加 近代汉语 方言 

分 类 号：H172.2[语言文字—汉语]