大型超市火灾情况下人员疏散模拟分析  

Personnel evacuation simulation analysis of the supermarket under fire situation

作　　者：季经纬[1] 武爽[1] 赵平[1] 张敬瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学能源与安全工程学院,徐州221008

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2011年第10期36-40,共5页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

摘　　要：针对大型商场在火灾情况下,人员是否能够及时逃生的问题,采用计算流体动力学软件FDS和大型疏散模拟软件building EXODUS对徐州某大型超市进行火灾时人员疏散的模拟。在火灾场景下,由于烟气对于人员顺利逃生有着重要的影响,运用FDS软件模拟得到着火层四周出口处烟气的下降速度,烟气浓度以及能见度的变化情况,从而给出人员安全疏散的最佳时间,再应用building EXODUS模拟当超市人流量最大时人员的疏散情况,得出该大型超市内人员逃生所需的时间,两种模拟所得时间进行对比分析,可得到人员是否能安全疏散的结论。For if the people can evacuate timely when in case of catching fire in the large supermarket,in this paper the computational fluid dynamics software FDS and the evacuation simulation software building EXODUS were applied to simulate the personnel evacuation under the fire condition in the large supermarket of Xuzhou,then the best time for the person in the supermarket to escape under fire condition was obtained.The affects of the smoke changes with time to the personnel escape under the fire condition were analyzed,and FDS was used to simulate the rate of the smoke declines around the exits on the fire floor,the changes of the smoke concentration and the visibility,then according to this FDS simulation,the best time for the person in the building to escape could be obtained,also the building EXODUS software was used to simulate the evacuation of people,the time of the escape simulation in the supermarket could be obtained,using this two times of the two simulations result,it could be analyed that if the person can escape from the building timely,and it can provide reference for the performance-based fire design of the building.

关 键 词：大型超市 数值模拟 烟气 人员疏散 

分 类 号：X912.9[环境科学与工程—安全科学]