试论昙曜五窟洞窟形制及其产生之原因  

Attempt to Comprehend the Formation of the TanYao Five Caves

作　　者：范鸿武[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学美术学院

出　　处：《雕塑》2011年第5期56-58,共3页Sculpture

摘　　要：昙曜五窟的洞窟形制是模仿游牧民族的毡帐,它独特的洞窟形制与鲜卑拓跋游牧民族居住的最普遍、最广泛的建筑形式——穹庐密切相关,穹庐就是游牧民族的毡帐。昙曜五窟的洞窟形制具有独创性,是北魏五世纪中期平城僧俗工匠在云冈独创的窟形。与云冈昙曜五窟造像模仿鲜卑拓跋民族人的形象相一致,云冈昙曜五窟的洞窟形制和结构是直接模仿鲜卑拓跋民族居住的帐篷式的基本建筑形式——穹庐。昙曜五窟主佛造像和洞窟形制都是对鲜卑拓跋民族的模仿。The TanYao five caves＇ unique structure was formed trying to replicate the yurts of the nomadic people. Its location and structure is closely related to the Mongolian felt tents with rounded tops, and those tents are the yurts of the nomads. The YanTao caves and the Buddha statues in it were created by the North Wei artisans with intent to replicate the cultural tents of the TuoBa Xianbei Culture.

关 键 词：昙曜五窟 洞窟形制 独创性 游牧民族 穹庐 毡帐 

分 类 号：K879.2[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]