华北克拉通内部的拉分盆地:渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷结构构造与演化  

Pull-Apart Basins Within the North China Craton: Structural Pattern and Evolution of Huanghua Depression in Bohai Bay Basin

作　　者：李三忠[1,2] 索艳慧[1,2] 周立宏[3] 戴黎明[1,2] 周均太[1,2] 赵峰梅[1,2] 卢异[3] 蒲秀刚[3] 楼达[3] 吴奇[1,2] 焦倩[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司大港油田分公司,天津300280

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2011年第5期1362-1379,共18页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41072152;90814011);海洋'863'重点项目(2009AA093401)

摘　　要：华北克拉通内部的拉分盆地有汾渭地堑、胶莱盆地和渤海湾盆地内部一些次级拉分构造单元等。黄骅坳陷就是这样一个拉分构造,位于渤海湾盆地中心地带,整体呈北北东走向,分割西侧北北东向的冀中坳陷和东侧北西西向的济阳坳陷,是发育在一个巨型走滑构造带中的新生代拉分盆地。黄骅坳陷的西界为沧东断裂系,东界为兰聊—盐山—羊二庄断裂系,最大负向构造单元在'大歧口凹陷',古近系最大沉积厚度达11km以上,是渤海湾地区地壳伸展最剧烈的地区。黄骅坳陷东、西边界相对较陡,受其控制,整个黄骅坳陷表现为拉分盆地;而'大歧口凹陷'为其主体,'大歧口凹陷'内部构造样式的控制性构造为东西向的断裂,而不是传统认为的沧东断裂等;所以,黄骅坳陷内部单个凹陷具有比较独特的下部为地堑式断陷、上部叠加北断南超的箕状结构。黄骅坳陷内部的凸起是沙一期才开始出现并起分割沉积空间的作用,沙一期以前,现今的歧口主凹、板桥次凹、歧北次凹、歧南次凹、北塘凹陷等都还是统一的一个湖盆。黄骅坳陷主要构造总体可划分为北北东向盆缘走滑断裂系、北东东向区域伸展断裂系、东西向盆内次级伸展构造和南北向变换构造,其中,最为显著的分割构造就是南北走向的沿岸变换带与孔店隆起。不同的伸展构造区受统一的基底拆离构造系统控制。'大歧口凹陷'的结构构造是华北克拉通破坏晚期阶段裂解过程的直接记录,是区域北北西向伸展背景下的产物。盆地构造经历了4个重要发展阶段:始新世孔店事件形成的拓展裂解阶段、渐新世初济阳运动事件形成的地堑式拉分断陷阶段、渐新世末东营运动形成的箕状断陷阶段、中—上新世热沉降期的碟状挠曲拗陷演化阶段。There are many pull apart basins such as Shanxi graben,Jiao-Lai basin and some sags in the Bohai Bay basin within the North China craton.The Huanghua depression is such a pull apart basin located at the center of the Bohai Bay basin.It is NNE-trending depression separating the NNE-trending Jizhong depression from the NWW-trending Jiyang depression.It developed as a pull apart basin in a large-scale strike-slipping fault system.The western margin of the depression is the Cangdong fault system,which is the Lan-Liao-Yanshan-Yangerzhuang fault system.The ＂Great Qikou sag＂ is the biggest sag with sedimentary thickness of more than 11 km and under intensive extensional region of the Bohai Bay basin area.The Huanghua depression has sharp western and eastern boundary faults controlling pull apart basin.The ＂Great Qikou sag＂ is the major component of the Huanghua depression,its inner structural pattern is controlled by E-W trending structures rather than the previously known Cangdong fault.The single sag in the Huanghua depression is characterized by graben in the lower part and the half graben in the upper part.The heaves in the Huanghua depression developed in the Shayi sedimentary stage,separating ＂the Great Qikou sag＂ into several sub-sags such as the present-day Qikou sag,Banqiao sag,Qibei sag and Qinan sag.The Huanghua depression has four major faults including NNE-trending strike-slipping boundary faults,NEE-trending regional extensional faults,E-W trending secondary extensional faults and N-S trending transfer zones such as the coastal transfer zone and the Kongdian heave.The different extensional domains are controlled by the single detachment fault system in the basement.The architecture of the ＂Great Qikou sag＂ is a result of the late destruction of the North China craton under regional NNW-oriented extension.The basin underwent four stages of evolutions including Eocene propagating rifting called Kongdian event,Early Oligocene pull-apart graben called Jiyang event,Late Oligocene half-graben cal

关 键 词：渤海湾盆地 拉分盆地 黄骅坳陷 渐新世 歧口凹陷 华北克拉通 构造 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]