实验家犬颅脑爆震致伤后甘露醇早期治疗血液流变性研究  

Study on Animal Model with Craniocerebral Explosive Wound in Dogs and Observation on Early Treatment of Venoelysis 20% Mannitol on Craniocerebral Explosive Wound in Dogs

作　　者：张周良[1] 李斌[1] 张惠中[1] 张雷[1] 张广林[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学唐都医院检验科,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《中国血液流变学杂志》2011年第3期487-489,共3页Chinese Journal of Hemorheology

摘　　要：目的 建立家犬实验颅脑爆震致伤动物模型,静脉输注甘露醇并连续观测犬血流变、颅内压、脑组织病理及生存变化.方法 实验家犬20只,制作成新型颅脑震伤模型,随机分为：对照组（n=8）及实验组（n=12）,观察每一组血流变、颅内压、脑组织病理及死亡率.结果 实验家犬爆震伤后,红细胞压积（HCT）、全血黏度（ηb）、颅内压指标（ICP）均出现持续升高,白细胞（WBC）先下降后升高,血小板（PLT ）则持续下降;与对照组比较,实验组HCT、ηb、WBC、PLT 、ICP指标明显改善（P＜0.05）,受伤部位的成活神经元也明显增多（P＜0.01）,实验组死亡率（2/12） 明显低于对照组（6/8）（P＜0.05）.结论 静脉输注甘露醇可改善血液流变特性,进一步改善脑部微循环,颅内压较快回降,减轻实验家犬爆震伤后神经元的缺血性损害,延长生存时间,降低死亡率.Objective To establish animal model with craniocerebral explosive wound in dogs,observe the alterations of blood rtheology, intracranial pressure（ICP）,pathology, death rate by venoclysis 20% mannitol. Methods Twenty dogs were established into an new model of craniocerebral explosive injury and were randomly divided into control group（A） and experimental group（B）.Blood rheology, ICP, pathology and death rate were observed.Results ①It was found that ICP, HCT,η b were increased in both groups after cerebral explosive wound,that WBC decreased initially and then increased,that PLT were decreased in both groups.②Levels of those indexes were improved significantly in experimental groups（B） compared with control groups（A）.The changes of pathology between experimental and control groups declared that the survival neuron numbers in experimental groups are more than in control groups at the same craniocerebral explosive wound position.Death rate was higher significantly in control groups（6/8）than in experimental groups（2/12）（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion 20% mannitol can improve blood rtheological characters,ameliorate cerebral microcirculation alterations,decrease intracranial presure,reduce neuronal ischemic damage,prolong the survival time and decrease the death rate of dogs with craniocerebral explosive wound.

关 键 词：爆震伤 颅脑损伤 甘露醇 早期救治 实验家犬 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]