液氮冷冻致兔股骨头坏死病理学特征研究  

Pathological features of femoral head osteonecrosis in rabbit by liquid nitrogen freezing induction

作　　者：周正丽[1,2] 张潜[2] 周正平[3] 黄跃[4] 彭笳宸[5] 汤宁宁[1] 章涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院贵州省细胞工程重点实验室,遵义563003 [2]遵义医学院人体解剖学教研室,遵义563003 [3]遵义医学院附属医院病理科,遵义563003 [4]遵义医学院形态学实验室,遵义563003 [5]遵义医学院附属医院骨关节外科,遵义563003

出　　处：《临床与实验病理学杂志》2011年第10期1095-1098,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81060148)

摘　　要：目的探讨液氮冷冻法制备兔股骨头坏死动物模型的病理学特征。方法采用成年新西兰大白兔,无菌条件下手术显露股骨头;采用棉签蘸取液氮,对股骨头软骨面负重区冷冻、复温以制备股骨头坏死模型。于制模后第3、7天及第2、4、6、8周随机选择模型兔,手术取下股骨头,进行股骨头纵切面肉眼观察,常规石蜡包埋、切片,经HE染色后光镜观察。结果股骨头纵切面4周前各观察时间点,股骨头局灶性坏死区域渐增。制模术后第3天兔股骨头组织切片镜下可见软骨细胞及骨细胞坏死;术后第7天见坏死区空骨陷窝较多;术后第2周见关节软骨缺损,软骨下区域小血管充血,骨小梁开始断裂、排列紊乱;术后第4周见关节软骨剥脱,髓腔内脂肪细胞坏死,并现增生纤维组织;术后第6周见股骨头塌陷,并出现纤维化骨的匍伏附着;术后第8周见新骨沉积性生长,骺板细胞挤压、变形。结论本研究建立的液氮冷冻致兔股骨头坏死模型具有典型的病理演变特征,贴近已知人类股骨头坏死病理演变规律,是干细胞移植等治疗研究的理想模型。Purpose To investigate the pathological features of femoral head osteonecrosis in rabbit model by a novel freezing method with liquid nitrogen.Methods Adult New Zealand white rabbits were recruited in this study and the femoral heads were exposed by surgical procedures.Thereafter medical cotton stickers were dipped with liquid nitrogen and the weight loading area of femoral heads cartilage were frozen by alternate freezing and rewarming.The rabbits were randomly selected and the femoral heads were examined through longitudinal section at 3,7 days,2,4,6,8 weeks post-operation.After being routinely embedded in paraffin,complete serial sections of femoral heads were cut and stained with HE,then the histopathology of the sections were observed under macroscopy and light microscope,respectively.Results Longitudinal sections＇ morphology of femoral heads manifestly demonstrated a increasing area of focal necrosis at observing time points before 4 weeks.Histopathologic results showed that necrosis of chondrocytes and osteocytes occurred at 3 days,and empty osteocyte lacunae appeared apparently at 7 days.Defected articular cartilage,engorged small vessels in the subchondral area,severed and disarranged bone trabeculae could be observed after 2 weeks.Articular cartilage exfoliation,adipocytes necrosis,and fibroplasias in medullary cavity appeared at 4 weeks.Collapse of femoral heads happened and fibrosis bones creeping substitution were visible at 6 weeks.Depository growth of new bone could be seen and cells dwelled in epiphyseal plate become crushing and deformation at 8 weeks.Conclusions The rabbit model of femoral head osteonecrosis by novel liquid nitrogen freezing presented a typical pathologic characteristics,approximated to pathological changes of known human femoral head osteonecrosis,and could be served as a ideal model for stem cells related therapeutic studies.

关 键 词：股骨头坏死 疾病模型 兔 病理学 

分 类 号：R681.8[医药卫生—骨科学] R-33[医药卫生—外科学]