2010年郑州地区小麦黑胚率及黑胚粒发芽特性  

Wheat Black Point Kernel in Zhengzhou in 2010 and Germination Characteristics of Diseased Seeds

作　　者：李巧云[1] 尹钧[1] 牛吉山[1] 马文斌[2] 刘靖[2] 姜玉梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心/河南省粮食作物生理生态与遗传改良重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2011年第10期88-91,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关重点项目(102102110040);河南省科技创新人才计划项目(104200510013)

摘　　要：对2010年郑州地区收获的257份小麦品种（系）进行了黑胚率统计,并以发病较重的周麦18和漯麦4-168两个品种为材料,分析了黑胚病对种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数等发芽特性以及苗高、根长、单株质量等幼苗生长指标的影响。试验结果表明：257份小麦品种（系）的黑胚率介于0~54%,其中豫麦35号、百泉41等77个品种的黑胚率低于1%,济程2号的黑胚率最高,达到54%。70%的品种（系）黑胚率低于5%,80%的品种（系）病粒级别较低（0-2级）,与往年比较,2010年郑州小麦黑胚率降低。周麦18黑胚率为18.0%,黑胚粒发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、根长、苗高与单株质量均降低,其中0-1级与2-3级种子间差异极显著;漯麦4-168黑胚率为25.7%,病粒的发芽与幼苗生长指标也降低,但不同病级间的差异不显著。The 257 wheat cultivars and lines were harvested to study black point disease in Zhengzhou in 2010.The black point kernel ratio ranged from 0 to 54%.70% cultivars or lines had a ratio below 5%,and the disease severity of 80% cultivars ranged from 0 to 2nd scale.The general black point kernel ratio in 2010 was lower than usual.Zhoumai 18（black point kernel ratio of 18.0%）and Luomai 4-168（black point kernel ratio of 25.7%）were relatively susceptible to black point disease,and were used to investigate the seed germination and seedling livingness of the diseased kernels.For the diseased kernel of Zhoumai 18,the germination energy,germination ratio,germination index,seedling and root length,fresh and dry weight of plants all decreased.Difference between the seeds of 0-1 scale and 2-3 scale was significant.For the diseased kernel of Luomai 4-168,the parameters of germination and seedling also decreased,but the difference was not obvious.

关 键 词：小麦 黑胚病 发芽特性 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]